Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25117714›Full record

ArticleCancer cell2014

Most human non-GCIMP glioblastoma subtypes evolve from a common proneural-like precursor glioma.

Tatsuya Ozawa, Markus Riester, Yu-Kang Cheng, Jason T Huse, Massimo Squatrito, Karim Helmy, Nikki Charles, Franziska Michor, Eric C Holland

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer cell, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 252 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
252citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

252 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Evolution of oncogene amplification across 86,000 cancer cell genomes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
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  7. Review
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  9. Unraveling the role of specificity protein 1 in gliomas: pathophysiology and clinical implications.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
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  15. Review
  16. Development of PROTACs for targeted degradation of oncogenic TRK fusions.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

192 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Tatsuya OzawaDivision of Human Biology and Solid Tumor Translational Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery and Alvord Brain Tumor Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Markus RiesterDepartment of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Yu-Kang ChengDepartment of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Jason T HuseDepartment of Pathology and Human Oncology, Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Massimo SquatritoCancer Cell Biology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid 28029, Spain.
Karim HelmyDepartment of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Nikki CharlesDepartment of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Franziska MichorDepartment of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address: michor@jimmy.harvard.edu.
Eric C HollandDivision of Human Biology and Solid Tumor Translational Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery and Alvord Brain Tumor Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. Electronic address: eholland@fhcrc.org.

Funding

The Cell-Of-Origin of Human CancersU54CA143798 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INST CAN RESEARCH · PI MICHOR, FRANZISKA · 2009 to 2014
$11.2M
The Proneural Perivascular Niche and Therapeutic ResponseU54CA163167 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INST CAN RESEARCH · PI HOLLAND, ERIC C. · 2011 to 2015
$4.6M
P3IK Signaling and Biology of Therapeutic Response in Brain and Prostate TumorsU01CA141502 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INST CAN RESEARCH · PI HOLLAND, ERIC C. · 2009 to 2013
$4.2M
The Role of Signaling Pathways in Brain Tumors in MiceR01CA100688 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES · PI HOLLAND, ERIC C. · 2003 to 2013
$3.8M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA100688NCI NIH HHS R01CA100688NCI NIH HHS U01 CA141502NCI NIH HHS U01CA141502-01NCI NIH HHS U54 CA143798NCI NIH HHS U54CA143798NCI NIH HHS U54 CA163167NCI NIH HHS U54CA163167-01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To understand the relationships between the non-GCIMP glioblastoma (GBM) subgroups, we performed mathematical modeling to predict the temporal sequence of driver events during tumorigenesis. The most common order of evolutionary events is 1) chromosome (chr) 7 gain and chr10 loss, followed by 2) CDKN2A loss and/or TP53 mutation, and 3) alterations canonical for specific subtypes. We then developed a computational methodology to identify drivers of broad copy number changes, identifying PDGFA (chr7) and PTEN (chr10) as driving initial nondisjunction events. These predictions were validated using mouse modeling, showing that PDGFA is sufficient to induce proneural-like gliomas and that additional NF1 loss converts proneural to the mesenchymal subtype. Our findings suggest that most non-GCIMP mesenchymal GBMs arise as, and evolve from, a proneural-like precursor.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrain NeoplasmsCell Transformation, NeoplasticChromosome DuplicationChromosomes, Human, Pair 10Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7CpG IslandsDisease ProgressionDNA MethylationErbB ReceptorsGene AmplificationGene DosageGlioblastomaHumansMiceNeurofibromin 1EGFR protein, humanErbB ReceptorsNeurofibromin 1Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sisPTEN PhosphohydrolasePTEN protein, humanReceptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha

Identifiers

PMID25117714
PMCPMC4143139

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.