ArticleMolecular brain2014
Alterations of the synapse of the inner retinal layers after chronic intraocular pressure elevation in glaucoma animal model.
Article in Molecular brain, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- AKAP1 Protects Retinal Ganglion Cells and Preserves Vision by Improving Mitochondrial and Synaptic Health in Glaucomatous Neurodegeneration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Dysfunction of α2δ4 leads to photoreceptor degeneration through disrupted synaptic mitochondria and calcium crosstalk.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Anatolian ground squirrel (Spermophilus xanthoprymnus) retina: Comparative expression of synaptophysin, NeuN, calbindin-D28k, parvalbumin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and Iba-1 during pre-hibernation and hibernation.Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) · 2026Article
- SPG302 protects retinal ganglion cells and preserves visual function by preserving synaptic activity in a mouse model of glaucoma.Experimental eye research · 2025Article
- AKAP1 regulates mitochondrial and synaptic homeostasis to enable neuroprotection and repair in retinal ganglion cell degeneration.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The Effect of Advancing Age and Intraocular Pressure Injury on Retinal Ganglion Cell Function and Synaptic Connectivity.Aging cell · 2025Article
- Stratification of the Extent of Visual Impairment Identifies Sex-Specific Degenerative Changes in Retinal Structure and Function during Aging.Journal of integrative neuroscience · 2025Article
- The Variety of Mechanosensitive Ion Channels in Retinal Neurons.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Early inner plexiform layer thinning and retinal nerve fiber layer thickening in excitotoxic retinal injury using deep learning-assisted optical coherence tomography.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2024Article
- TRPV4 affects visual signals in photoreceptors and rod bipolar cells.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Article
- Smart Contact Lenses as Wearable Ophthalmic Devices for Disease Monitoring and Health Management.Chemical reviews · 2023Review
- Neuroserpin gene therapy inhibits retinal ganglion cell apoptosis and promotes functional preservation in glaucoma.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2023Article
- High sampling resolution optical coherence tomography reveals potential concurrent reductions in ganglion cell-inner plexiform and inner nuclear layer thickness but not in outer retinal thickness in glaucoma.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2023Article
- Astrocyte derived TSP2 contributes to synaptic alteration and visual dysfunction in retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury.Cell & bioscience · 2022Article
- Tunable degrees of neurodegeneration in rats based on microsphere-induced models of chronic glaucoma.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Influences of Glaucoma on the Structure and Function of Synapses in the Visual System.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2022Review
- Axonal architecture of the mouse inner retina revealed by second harmonic generation.PNAS nexus · 2022Article
- Digital reconstruction and quantitative morphometric analysis of bipolar cells in live rat retinal slices.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2022Article
- Sodium Hyaluronate-Induced Ocular Hypertension in Rats Damages the Direction-Selective Circuit and Inner/Outer Retinal Plexiform Layers.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2022Article
- Ocular Hypertension Results in Hypoxia within Glia and Neurons throughout the Visual Projection.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDendrites of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) synapse with axon terminals of bipolar cells in the inner plexiform layer (IPL). Changes in RGC dendrites and synapses between bipolar cells in the inner retinal layer may critically alter the function of RGCs in glaucoma. Recently, synaptic plasticity has been observed in the adult central nervous system, including the outer retinal layers. However, few studies have focused on changes in the synapses between RGCs and bipolar cells in glaucoma. In the present study, we used a rat model of ocular hypertension induced by episcleral vein cauterization to investigate changes in synaptic structure and protein expression in the inner retinal layer at various time points after moderate intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation.
resultsSynaptophysin, a presynaptic vesicle protein, increased throughout the IPL, outer plexiform layer, and outer nuclear layer after IOP elevation. Increased synaptophysin after IOP elevation was expressed in bipolar cells in the innermost IPL. The RGC marker, SMI-32, co-localized with synaptophysin in RGC dendrites and were significantly increased at 1 week and 4 weeks after IOP elevation. Both synaptophysin and postsynaptic vesicle protein, PSD-95, were increased after IOP elevation by western blot analysis. Ribbon synapses in the IPL were quantified and structurally evaluated in retinal sections by transmission electron microscopy. After IOP elevation the total number of ribbon synapses decreased. There were increases in synapse diameter and synaptic vesicle number and decreases in active zone length and the number of docked vesicles after IOP elevation.
conclusionsAlthough the total number of synapses decreased as RGCs were lost after IOP elevation, there are attempts to increase synaptic vesicle proteins and immature synapse formation between RGCs and bipolar cells in the inner retinal layers after glaucoma induction.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.