ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2014
Irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue 6 years after giardia infection: a controlled prospective cohort study.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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72 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Irritable Bowel Syndrome After Infectious Enteritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Gastroenterology · 2017Pooled it
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- Analysis of environmental risk factors, prevalence, and associated symptoms of Giardia intestinalis infection across age groups in Poland: a survey-based study.Parasitology research · 2026Article
- Associations between early life exposure to parvovirus and antibiotic treatment and the occurrence and severity of later chronic enteropathy in dogs.The Veterinary record · 2026Article
- Effect of inoculation dose on infection kinetics and immune responses to Giardia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Postinfectious Syndromes and Long-Term Sequelae after Giardia Infections.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Transitioning from microscopy to PCR for protozoa in Norway - Impact on detection of protozoa and helminths: A register study.Epidemiology and infection · 2025Article
- Predictors of fatigue progression in long COVID among young people.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Risk factors for fatigue severity in the post-COVID-19 condition: A prospective controlled cohort study of nonhospitalised adolescents and young adults.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Risk Factors and Circulating Subtypes ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Giardia lamblia risk factors and burden in children with acute gastroenteritis in a Nicaraguan birth cohort.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Acupuncture for fatigue in breast cancer survivors: a study protocol for a pragmatic, mixed method, randomised controlled trial.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Harnessing the power of new genetic tools to illuminate Giardia biology and pathogenesis.Genetics · 2024Review
- Investigation of Enteric Parasites with a Focus on Zoonotic Parasites in the Feces ofArchives of Razi Institute · 2024Article
- Current Understanding ofCurrent tropical medicine reports · 2024Article
- High Prevalence of Long COVID in Common Variable Immunodeficiency: An Italian Multicentric Study.Journal of clinical immunology · 2024Observational
- Localized cardiac small molecule trajectories and persistent chemical sequelae in experimental Chagas disease.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Persisting symptoms after Cryptosporidium hominis outbreak: a 10-year follow-up from Östersund, Sweden.Parasitology research · 2023Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFunctional gastrointestinal disorders and fatigue may follow acute infections. This study aimed to estimate the persistence, prevalence, and risk of irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue 6 years after Giardia infection.
methodsWe performed a controlled prospective study of a cohort of 1252 individuals who had laboratory-confirmed Giardia infection during a waterborne outbreak in 2004. In total, 748 cohort cases (exposed) and 878 matched controls responded to a postal questionnaire 6 years later (in 2010). Responses were compared to data from the same cohort 3 years before (in 2007).
resultsThe prevalences of irritable bowel syndrome (39.4%) by Rome III criteria and chronic fatigue (30.8%) in the exposed group 6 years after giardiasis were significantly elevated compared with controls, with adjusted relative risks (RRs) of 3.4 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.9-3.9) and 2.9 (95% CI, 2.3-3.4), respectively. In the exposed group, the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome decreased by 6.7% (RR, 0.85 [95% CI, .77-.93]), whereas the prevalence of chronic fatigue decreased by 15.3% from 3 to 6 years after Giardia infection (RR, 0.69 [95% CI, .62-.77]). Giardia exposure was a significant risk factor for persistence of both conditions, and increasing age was a risk factor for persisting chronic fatigue.
conclusionsGiardia infection in a nonendemic setting is associated with an increased risk for irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue 6 years later. The prevalences of both conditions decrease over time, indicating that this intestinal protozoan parasite may elicit very long-term, but slowly self-limiting, complications.
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