ReviewMicrobial cell factories2014
Mucosal vaccine delivery by non-recombinant spores of Bacillus subtilis.
Review in Microbial cell factories, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of a spore-based Mannheimia haemolytica vaccine on immune responses and respiratory microbiota in sheep.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- RecombinantFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Repurposing the bacterial surface display technology for drug delivery.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2025Review
- Review
- Mucosal Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 Using Human ProbioticVaccines · 2025Article
- Immunogenicity of RSV Fusion Protein Adsorbed to Non-PathogenicBiomedicines · 2025Article
- Bacillus subtilis surface display technology: applications in bioprocessing and sustainable manufacturing.Biotechnology for biofuels and bioproducts · 2025Review
- Article
- Mucosal Immunization with Spore-Based Vaccines againstVaccines · 2024Article
- Development of a spore-based mucosal vaccine against the bovine respiratory pathogen Mannheimia haemolytica.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The Bacterial Spore as a Mucosal Vaccine Delivery System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Bacterial Spore-Based Delivery System: 20 Years of a Versatile Approach for Innovative Vaccines.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Article
- Bacillus Toyonensis BCT-7112Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2021Article
- Oral Delivery ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
- The temperature of growth and sporulation modulates the efficiency of spore-display in Bacillus subtilis.Microbial cell factories · 2020Article
- Bacillus subtilis spore vaccines displaying protective antigen induce functional antibodies and protective potency.BMC veterinary research · 2020Article
- Progress in research and application development of surface display technology using Bacillus subtilis spores.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2020Review
- A probiotic treatment increases the immune response induced by the nasal delivery of spore-adsorbed TTFC.Microbial cell factories · 2020Article
- Induction of a Specific Humoral Immune Response by Nasal Delivery of Bcla2International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Development of mucosal vaccines strongly relies on an efficient delivery system and, over the years, a variety of approaches based on phages, bacteria or synthetic nanoparticles have been proposed to display and deliver antigens. The spore of Bacillus subtilis displaying heterologous antigens has also been considered as a mucosal vaccine vehicle, and shown able to conjugate some advantages of live microrganisms with some of synthetic nanoparticles. Here we review the use of non-recombinant spores of B. subtilis as a delivery system for mucosal immunizations. The non-recombinant display is based on the adsorption of heterologous molecules on the spore surface without the need of genetic manipulations, thus avoiding all concerns about the use and environmental release of genetically modified microorganisms. In addition, adsorbed molecules are stabilized and protected by the interaction with the spore, suggesting that this system could reduce the rapid degradation of the antigen, often observed with other delivery systems and identified as a major drawback of mucosal vaccines.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.