ArticleThe Journal of infection2014
Adults hospitalised with acute respiratory illness rarely have detectable bacteria in the absence of COPD or pneumonia; viral infection predominates in a large prospective UK sample.
Article in The Journal of infection, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06142994 (Phase 4, Efficacy and Safety of Atusin CAP in the Treatment of Subjects With Acute Bronchitis in the Primary Healthcare Setting), which is not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Phase 4, Efficacy and Safety of Atusin CAP in the Treatment of Subjects With Acute Bronchitis in the Primary Healthcare Setting: Prospective, Multicenter, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Randomized, Parallel-arm Clinical Study.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of respiratory viruses in stable and acute asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Pooled it
- Rapid Molecular Tests for Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and Other Respiratory Viruses: A Systematic Review of Diagnostic Accuracy and Clinical Impact Studies.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Pooled it
- Systematic review of respiratory viral pathogens identified in adults with community-acquired pneumonia in Europe.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2017Pooled it
- Diagnostic utility of oropharyngeal swabs as an alternative to lower respiratory tract samples for PCR-based syndromic testing in patients with community-acquired pneumonia.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2023Trial
- HL301 in the treatment of acute bronchitis: a phase 2b, randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled, multicenter study.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2020Trial
- Routine molecular point-of-care testing for respiratory viruses in adults presenting to hospital with acute respiratory illness (ResPOC): a pragmatic, open-label, randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2017Trial
- Viral load is strongly associated with length of stay in adults hospitalised with viral acute respiratory illness.The Journal of infection · 2016Trial
- Clinical characteristics and influencing factors of severe influenza A virus pneumonia in children coinfected with gram-negative bacteria: A retrospective analysis.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Article
- Incidence and outcomes of hospital-associated respiratory virus infections by viral species.Infection control and hospital epidemiology · 2024Article
- Patterns and predictors of positive multiplex polymerase chain reaction respiratory panel among patients with acute respiratory infections in a single center in Lebanon.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- Impact of antiviral therapy on short- and long-term outcomes of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease after influenza infection.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2023Article
- C57Bl/6N mice have an attenuated lung inflammatory response to dsRNA compared to C57Bl/6J and BALB/c mice.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2023Article
- Multiplex MinION sequencing suggests enteric adenovirus F41 genetic diversity comparable to pre-COVID-19 era.Microbial genomics · 2023Article
- High incidence of the virus among respiratory pathogens in children with lower respiratory tract infection in northwestern China.Journal of medical virology · 2023Article
- Impact of respiratory viral infections on mortality and critical illness among hospitalized patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2022Article
- The changing spectrum of microbial aetiology of respiratory tract infections in hospitalized patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Point-of-Care Influenza Testing Impacts Clinical Decision, Patient Flow, and Length of Stay in Hospitalized Adults.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Observational
- Article
- Rapid syndromic PCR testing in patients with respiratory tract infections reduces time to results and improves microbial yield.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The safety and efficacy of CKD-497 in patients with acute upper respiratory tract infection and bronchitis symptoms: a multicenter, double-blind, double-dummy, randomized, controlled, phase II clinical trial.Journal of thoracic disease · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesMany adult patients hospitalised with acute respiratory illness have viruses detected but the overall importance of viral infection compared to bacterial infection is unclear.
methodsPatients were recruited from two acute hospital sites in Leicester (UK) over 3 successive winters. Samples were taken for viral and bacterial testing.
resultsOf the 780 patients hospitalised with acute respiratory illness 345 (44%) had a respiratory virus detected. Picornaviruses were the most commonly isolated viruses (detected in 23% of all patients). Virus detection rates exceeded 50% in patients with exacerbation of asthma (58%), acute bronchitis and Influenza-like-illness (64%), and ranged from 30 to 50% in patients with an exacerbation of COPD (38%), community acquired pneumonia (36%) and congestive cardiac failure (31%). Bacterial detection was relatively frequent in patients with exacerbation of COPD and pneumonia (25% and 33% respectively) but was uncommon in all other groups. Antibiotic use was high across all clinical groups (76% overall) and only 21% of all antibiotic use occurred in patients with detectable bacteria.
conclusionsRespiratory viruses are the predominant detectable aetiological agents in most hospitalised adults with acute respiratory illness. Antibiotic usage in hospital remains excessive including in clinical conditions associated with low rates of bacterial detection. Efforts at reducing excess antibiotic use should focus on these groups as a priority. Registered International Standard Controlled Trial Number: 21521552.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.