Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25107312›Full record

ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2014

Non-medical use of non-opioid psychotherapeutic medications in a community-based cohort of HIV-infected indigent adults.

Maya Vijayaraghavan, Daniel Freitas, David R Bangsberg, Christine Miaskowski, Margot B Kushel

Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03699020 (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to Address the Psychosocial Co-Morbidities of Chronic Pain in Aging People Living With HIV), which is not on this map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03699020 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to Address the Psychosocial Co-Morbidities of Chronic Pain in Aging People Living With HIV

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of California, San DiegoRan2019 to 2022Enrolled13ConditionsHIV/AIDS, Chronic PainArmsAcceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Chronic Pain Education
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Maya VijayaraghavanMoores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: mvijayaraghavan@ucsd.edu.
Daniel FreitasUniversity of California, San Francisco, 521 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94117, USA. Electronic address: Daniel.Freitas@ucsf.edu.
David R BangsbergMassachusetts General Hospital Center for Global Health, Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Harvard Medical School, 100 Cambridge, 15th Floor, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Electronic address: dbangsberg@partners.org.
Christine MiaskowskiDepartment of Physiological Nursing/UCSF, 2 Koret Way - N631Y, San Francisco, CA 94143-0610, USA. Electronic address: chris.miaskowski@nursing.ucsf.edu.
Margot B KushelUniversity of California, San Francisco, 521 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94117, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Avenue, SFGH 10, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. Electronic address: mkushel@medsfgh.ucsf.edu.
University of California, San Francisco · USRagon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard · USSan Francisco General Hospital · USUniversity of California, San Diego · US

Funding

UCSF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE INSTITUTEUL1RR024131 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI JOHNSTON, S. CLAIBORNE · 2006 to 2011
$111.2M
Engaging University of California Stakeholders for Biorespository ResearchUL1TR000004 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI GRANDIS, JENNIFER RUBIN · 2012 to 2015
$78.0M
TB PREVENTION AND HIV IN THE HOMELESS--AN INTERVENTIONR01MH054907 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI BANGSBERG, DAVID ROY · 1995 to 2014
$20.7M
Aging Among the Homeless: Social Isolation, Function and Institutional CareR01AG041860 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Margot B Kushel · 2012 to 2026
$9.3M
Promoting Research Opportunities Fully--Prospective Academics Transforming HealthR25MD006832 · NIMHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI ARONSON, LOUISE, FERNANDEZ, ALICIA · 2011 to 2015
$1.7M
Pain and Misuse of Prescription Opioids in a Community-Based HIV-Infected CohortR01DA022550 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI KUSHEL, MARGOT B · 2006 to 2009
$1.4M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000004NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR024131NIA NIH HHS R01 AG041860NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA022550NIDA NIH HHS R01DA022550NIMHD NIH HHS R25 MD006832NIMHD NIH HHS R25MD006832NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH054907NIMH NIH HHS R01MH54907
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNon-opioid psychotherapeutic medications significantly increase the risk of opioid overdose-related deaths. We prospectively followed HIV-infected indigent adults sampled from the community to examine rates of and factors associated with non-medical use of benzodiazepines, muscle relaxants, and prescription stimulants.

methodsWe interviewed participants quarterly for 2 years about alcohol and illicit substance use; depression; use of prescribed opioid analgesics, benzodiazepines and muscle relaxants; opioid analgesic misuse; and non-medical use (i.e., use without a prescription) of benzodiazepines, muscle relaxants, and prescription stimulants. Using mixed-effects multivariate logistic regression, we determined factors associated with non-medical use of benzodiazepines, muscle relaxants, and prescription stimulants.

resultsAmong the 296 participants at enrollment, 52.0% reported taking opioid analgesics that had been prescribed, 17.9% took benzodiazepines that had been prescribed, and 8.1% took muscle relaxants that had been prescribed. Over the 2-year study interval, 53.4% reported prescription opioid misuse, 25.3% reported non-medical use of benzodiazepines, 11.5% reported non-medical use of muscle relaxants, and 6.1% reported non-medical use of prescription stimulants. In multivariable analysis, opioid analgesic misuse in the past 90 days was associated with non-medical use of benzodiazepines, muscle relaxants, and prescription stimulants during the same time interval. Illicit substance use and depression were not associated with non-medical use of these medications.

conclusionsPrescription opioid analgesic misuse is associated with non-medical use of other psychotherapeutic medications. Health care providers should monitor for non-medical use of a broad array of psychoactive medications among high-risk populations to minimize harm.

Indexed as

BenzodiazepinesCentral Nervous System StimulantsMuscle Relaxants, CentralPsychotropic DrugsAdultAlcoholismAnalgesics, OpioidCohort StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansIll-Housed PersonsLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedAnalgesics, OpioidBenzodiazepinesCentral Nervous System StimulantsMuscle Relaxants, CentralPsychotropic DrugsBenzodiazepinesMuscle relaxantsNon-medical usePrescription stimulants

Identifiers

PMID25107312
PMCPMC4161633
OpenAlexW2053412662

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.