Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25105359›Full record

ArticleNature communications2014

Expansion of the CRISPR-Cas9 genome targeting space through the use of H1 promoter-expressed guide RNAs.

Vinod Ranganathan, Karl Wahlin, Julien Maruotti, Donald J Zack

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. An ATMT-CRISPR/Cas9 system for genome editing in Monascus purpureus.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Building Blocks of Artificial CRISPR-Based Systems beyond Nucleases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. CRISPR/Cas System and Factors Affecting Its Precision and Efficiency.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021
    Review
  14. Expanding application of CRISPR-Cas9 system in microorganisms.Synthetic and systems biotechnology · 2020
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Genome Editing in Cereals: Approaches, Applications and Challenges.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020
    Review
  18. Daisy-chain gene drives for the alteration of local populations.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Vinod RanganathanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.
Karl Wahlin1] Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA [2].
Julien Maruotti1] Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA [2].
Donald J Zack1] Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA [2] Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA [3] Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA [4] Institute of Genetic Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA [5] Department of Genetics, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France.

Funding

Wilmer Core Grant for Vision ResearchP30EY001765 · NEI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Jiang Qian · 1985 to 2026
$22.1M
REGULATION OF RHODOPSIN GENE EXPRESSIONR01EY009769 · NEI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ZACK, DONALD J. · 1992 to 2014
$8.1M
Visual Science Training ProgramT32EY007143 · NEI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Laura Ensign, JEREMY NATHANS · 1995 to 2026
$6.2M
NEI NIH HHS 5P30EY001765NEI NIH HHS 5T32EY007143NEI NIH HHS P30 EY001765NEI NIH HHS R01 EY009769NEI NIH HHS R01EY009769NEI NIH HHS T32 EY007143
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The repurposed CRISPR-Cas9 system has recently emerged as a revolutionary genome-editing tool. Here we report a modification in the expression of the guide RNA (gRNA) required for targeting that greatly expands the targetable genome. gRNA expression through the commonly used U6 promoter requires a guanosine nucleotide to initiate transcription, thus constraining genomic-targeting sites to GN19NGG. We demonstrate the ability to modify endogenous genes using H1 promoter-expressed gRNAs, which can be used to target both AN19NGG and GN19NGG genomic sites. AN19NGG sites occur ~15% more frequently than GN19NGG sites in the human genome and the increase in targeting space is also enriched at human genes and disease loci. Together, our results enhance the versatility of the CRISPR technology by more than doubling the number of targetable sites within the human genome and other eukaryotic species.

Indexed as

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic RepeatsPromoter Regions, GeneticAnimalsBacterial ProteinsBase SequenceBinding SitesCattleChickensComputational BiologyEmbryonic Stem CellsGenetic EngineeringGenome, HumanGreen Fluorescent ProteinsHEK293 CellsHumansMiceBacterial ProteinsGreen Fluorescent ProteinsNucleotidesRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems

Identifiers

PMID25105359
PMCPMC4133144

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.