ArticleChest2015
Association between pathogens detected using quantitative polymerase chain reaction with airway inflammation in COPD at stable state and exacerbations.
Article in Chest, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bacterial infections in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Infection · 2020Pooled it
- Assessment of bacterial exposure on phagocytic capability and surface marker expression of sputum macrophages and neutrophils in COPD patients.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2021Trial
- Neutrophil elastase as a biomarker for bacterial infection in COPD.Respiratory research · 2019Trial
- Systemic inflammation and the effects of short-term antibiotic treatment for PPM positive patients with stable COPD.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2019Trial
- Toward precision medicine in COPD: phenotypes, endotypes, biomarkers, and treatable traits.Respiratory research · 2025Review
- Bronchial epithelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles drive inflammasome activation andFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Sputum Cytokine Repeatability in COPD.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025Article
- Cytokine Biomarkers of Exacerbations in Sputum From Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Observational
- Species-level, metagenomic and proteomic analysis of microbe-immune interactions in severe asthma.Allergy · 2024Article
- Exploring the Role of Gut-Lung Interactions in COPD Pathogenesis: A Comprehensive Review on Microbiota Characteristics and Inflammation Modulation.Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.) · 2024Article
- Sputum microbiome α-diversity is a key feature of the COPD frequent exacerbator phenotype.ERJ open research · 2024Article
- Microbiome-host interactions in the pathogenesis of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- How inhaled corticosteroids target inflammation in COPD.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2023Review
- The Fungal and Bacterial Interface in the Respiratory Mycobiome with a Focus onLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Optimizing inhaled corticosteroid use in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: assessing blood eosinophils, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and mortality outcomes in US adults.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- How and when to manage respiratory infections out of hospital.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2022Review
- Towards the elimination of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a Lancet Commission.Lancet (London, England) · 2022Review
- Impact of Lung Microbiota on COPD.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Article
- Complex Evaluation of Surfactant Protein A and D as Biomarkers for the Severity of COPD.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRelationships between airway inflammation and respiratory potentially pathogenic microorganisms (PPMs) quantified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in subjects with COPD are unclear. Our aim was to evaluate mediators of airway inflammation and their association with PPMs in subjects with COPD at stable state and during exacerbations.
methodsSputum from 120 stable subjects with COPD was analyzed for bacteriology (colony-forming units; total 16S; and qPCR targeting Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae), differential cell counts, and inflammatory mediators using the Meso-Scale Discovery Platform. Subjects were classified as colonized if any PPM was identified above the threshold of detection by qPCR. Symptoms were quantified using the visual analog scale.
resultsAt stable state, 60% of subjects were qPCR positive for H influenzae, 48% for M catarrhalis, and 28% for S pneumoniae. Elevated sputum concentrations of IL-1β, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were detected in samples qPCR positive for either H influenzae or M catarrhalis. Bacterial loads of H influenzae positively correlated with IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, and symptoms; and M catarrhalis correlated with IL-10 and TNF-α. H influenzae qPCR bacterial load was an independent predictor of sputum TNF-α and IL-1β. In 55 subjects with paired exacerbation data, qPCR bacterial load fold change at exacerbation in M catarrhalis but not H influenzae correlated to changes in sputum TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations.
conclusionsAt stable state, H influenzae is associated with increased airway inflammation in COPD. The relationship between bacterial load changes of specific pathogens and airway inflammation at exacerbation and recovery warrants further investigation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.