ArticleScience translational medicine2014
B cells populating the multiple sclerosis brain mature in the draining cervical lymph nodes.
Article in Science translational medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 284 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
284 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 454 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anchor Clustering for million-scale immune repertoire sequencing data.BMC bioinformatics · 2024Pooled it
- Rapid HIV Progression Is Associated with Extensive Ongoing Somatic Hypermutation.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Trial
- Early adaptive immune activation detected in monozygotic twins with prodromal multiple sclerosis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2019Trial
- Transcriptomic characterization of transitional B cells reveals four subsets with perturbed activation profiles in scleroderma.iScience · 2026Article
- Lymph node microenvironment remodeling unlocks local antibody-mediated B cell depletion.Science advances · 2026Article
- Extensive peripheral immunoglobulin repertoire analyses in people with multiple sclerosis reveal disease-specific signatures and distinct treatment effects of disease modifying drugs.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Long-Term Clinical and Psychological Efficacy and Safety of Ocrelizumab in People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Real-World Longitudinal Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- CAR T-Cell Immunotherapy in Neuroautoimmune Diseases: Focus on the Central Nervous System.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- The current landscape of adaptive immune receptor genomic and repertoire data: OGRDB and VDJbase.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- The Relationship Between Neurofilament Light Chain and B Lymphocyte Chemoattractant and Cognition in Multiple Sclerosis.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2026Article
- Deep cervical lymph node analysis in central nervous system inflammatory disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Lymphotoxin-dependent elevated meningeal CXCL13:BAFF ratios drive gray matter injury.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- B cell targeted CAR-T therapy for autoimmune diseases.Frontiers of medicine · 2025Review
- CD21 primes extrafollicular differentiation of autoreactive B cells in a TLR7-driven lupus model.Science immunology · 2025Article
- Intranodal expansion of follicular T helper cells in patients with multiple sclerosis.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation and Neuroprotection, Inflammation, Fatigue, and Physical Activity in Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- AnalyzAIRR: A user-friendly guided workflow for AIRR data analysis.Immunoinformatics (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Article
- Human naïve B cells show evidence of anergy and clonal redemption following vaccination.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Early influenza virus exposure shapes the B cell response to influenza vaccination in individuals 50 years later.Immunity · 2025Article
224 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by autoimmune-mediated demyelination and neurodegeneration. The CNS of patients with MS harbors expanded clones of antigen-experienced B cells that reside in distinct compartments including the meninges, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and parenchyma. It is not understood whether this immune infiltrate initiates its development in the CNS or in peripheral tissues. B cells in the CSF can exchange with those in peripheral blood, implying that CNS B cells may have access to lymphoid tissue that may be the specific compartment(s) in which CNS-resident B cells encounter antigen and experience affinity maturation. Paired tissues were used to determine whether the B cells that populate the CNS mature in the draining cervical lymph nodes (CLNs). High-throughput sequencing of the antibody repertoire demonstrated that clonally expanded B cells were present in both compartments. Founding members of clones were more often found in the draining CLNs. More mature clonal members derived from these founders were observed in the draining CLNs and also in the CNS, including lesions. These data provide new evidence that B cells traffic freely across the tissue barrier, with the majority of B cell maturation occurring outside of the CNS in the secondary lymphoid tissue. Our study may aid in further defining the mechanisms of immunomodulatory therapies that either deplete circulating B cells or affect the intrathecal B cell compartment by inhibiting lymphocyte transmigration into the CNS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.