ArticleScience translational medicine2014
Immunoglobulin class-switched B cells form an active immune axis between CNS and periphery in multiple sclerosis.
Article in Science translational medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 150 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
150 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 224 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Elusive B Cell Antigen in Multiple Sclerosis: Time to Rethink CNS B Cell Functions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Early adaptive immune activation detected in monozygotic twins with prodromal multiple sclerosis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2019Trial
- Myasthenia thymus reprograms class-switched B cells into BAFF-dependent survivors.Science advances · 2026Article
- Language Model Embedding Classifiers Enable Identification of Multiple Sclerosis-Associated BCRs and Repertoires.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- High-throughput, quantitative approach to peptide epitope discovery.Medical & biological engineering & computing · 2026Article
- Extensive peripheral immunoglobulin repertoire analyses in people with multiple sclerosis reveal disease-specific signatures and distinct treatment effects of disease modifying drugs.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Psychiatric symptoms as clinical warning signals of adult anti-LGI-1 encephalitis: an observational cohort study.BMC psychiatry · 2026Observational
- Roads and detours for CAR T cell therapy in autoimmune diseases.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Long-Term Clinical and Psychological Efficacy and Safety of Ocrelizumab in People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Real-World Longitudinal Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- B cell-mediated immune reconstitution after lung transplantation: mechanisms, interventions, and prognostic evaluation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- B cell targeted CAR-T therapy for autoimmune diseases.Frontiers of medicine · 2025Review
- Maintenance of chronic neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis via interferon signaling and CD8 T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity.Research square · 2025Article
- Myasthenia thymus reprograms class-switched B cells into BAFF-dependent survivors.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Maintenance of chronic neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis via interferon signaling and CD8 T cell-mediated cytotoxicity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- NEK2 regulates B cell function and the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- T-bet+ CXCR3+ B cells drive hyperreactive B-T cell interactions in multiple sclerosis.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Preclinical B cell depletion and safety profile of a brain-shuttled crystallizable fragment-silenced CD20 antibody.Clinical and translational medicine · 2025Article
- CSF biomarkers of B-cell activation in multiple sclerosis: a clinical perspective.Journal of neurology · 2025Review
- Single-cell analysis of cerebrospinal fluid reveals common features of neuroinflammation.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Efficacy of rituximab in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: Insights from magnetic resonance imaging and disability assessments.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2025Article
90 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In multiple sclerosis (MS), lymphocyte--in particular B cell--transit between the central nervous system (CNS) and periphery may contribute to the maintenance of active disease. Clonally related B cells exist in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood (PB) of MS patients; however, it remains unclear which subpopulations of the highly diverse peripheral B cell compartment share antigen specificity with intrathecal B cell repertoires and whether their antigen stimulation occurs on both sides of the blood-brain barrier. To address these questions, we combined flow cytometric sorting of PB B cell subsets with deep immune repertoire sequencing of CSF and PB B cells. Immunoglobulin (IgM and IgG) heavy chain variable (VH) region repertoires of five PB B cell subsets from MS patients were compared with their CSF Ig-VH transcriptomes. In six of eight patients, we identified peripheral CD27(+)IgD(-) memory B cells, CD27(hi)CD38(hi) plasma cells/plasmablasts, or CD27(-)IgD(-) B cells that had an immune connection to the CNS compartment. Pinpointing Ig class-switched B cells as key component of the immune axis thought to contribute to ongoing MS disease activity strengthens the rationale of current B cell-targeting therapeutic strategies and may lead to more targeted approaches.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.