Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25099941›Full record

Trial reportDiabetologia2014

Mechanisms behind the superior effects of interval vs continuous training on glycaemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial.

Kristian Karstoft, Kamilla Winding, Sine H Knudsen, Noemi G James, Maria M Scheel, Jesper Olesen, Jens J Holst, Bente K Pedersen, Thomas P J Solomon

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetologia, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01234155 (Exercise Training and Type 2 Diabetes), which is not on this map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
25.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01234155 nacompletednot on this map

Exercise Training and Type 2 Diabetes

TypeinterventionalSponsorRigshospitalet, DenmarkRan2010 to 2014Enrolled32ConditionsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2ArmsExercise Training - Interval Walking, Exercise - Continuous Walking
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 87 citations in OpenAlex.

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  4. β-Cell function during a high-fat meal in young versus old adults: role of exercise.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Kristian KarstoftThe Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism, Department of Infectious Diseases and CMRC, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Kamilla Winding
Sine H Knudsen
Noemi G James
Maria M Scheel
Jesper Olesen
Jens J Holst
Bente K Pedersen
Thomas P J Solomon
Rigshospitalet · DKUniversity of Copenhagen · DKNovo Nordisk Foundation · DK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aims/hypothesisBy use of a parallel and partly crossover randomised, controlled trial design we sought to elucidate the underlying mechanisms behind the advantageous effects of interval walking training (IWT) compared with continuous walking training (CWT) on glycaemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes. We hypothesised that IWT, more than CWT, would improve insulin sensitivity including skeletal muscle insulin signalling, insulin secretion and disposition index (DI).

methodsBy simple randomisation (sequentially numbered, opaque sealed envelopes), eligible individuals (diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, no exogenous insulin treatment) were allocated to three groups: a control group (CON, n = 8), an IWT group (n = 12) and an energy expenditure-matched CWT group (n = 12). Training groups were prescribed free-living training, five sessions per week (60 min/session). A three-stage hyperglycaemic clamp, including glucose isotope tracers and skeletal muscle biopsies, was performed before and after a 4 month intervention in a hospitalised setting. No blinding was performed.

resultsThe improved glycaemic control, which was only seen in the IWT group, was consistent with IWT-induced increases in insulin sensitivity index (49.8 ± 14.6%; p < 0.001), peripheral glucose disposal (14.5 ± 4.9%; p < 0.05) and DI (66.2 ± 21.8%; p < 0.001), with no changes in the CWT or CON group. Moreover, only IWT improved insulin signalling in skeletal muscle via increased insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of AS160 (29.0 ± 10.8%; p < 0.05). No changes were seen in insulin secretion during hyperglycaemia alone, hyperglycaemia + glucagon-like peptide 1 infusion or arginine injection. CONCLUSIONS/

interpretationIWT maintains insulin secretion and improves insulin sensitivity and DI, in contrast to energy expenditure-matched CWT. These results suggest that training with alternating intensity, and not just training volume and mean intensity, is a key determinant of changes in whole body glucose disposal in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

trial registrationClinicalTrials (NCT01234155).

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Exercise TherapyFemaleHumansInsulinMaleMiddle AgedBlood GlucoseInsulin

Identifiers

PMID25099941
OpenAlexW2008564665

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.