ArticleJournal of athletic training
Age-related, sport-specific adaptions of the shoulder girdle in elite adolescent tennis players.
Article in Journal of athletic training. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Physical Performance Tests in 8008 Competitive Youth Tennis Players-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Normative Values.European journal of sport science · 2025Pooled it
- Risk Factors for Upper Limb Injury in Tennis Players: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Within-Session Sequence of the Tennis Serve Training in Youth Elite Players.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Trial
- Neuromuscular performance of the glenohumeral joint in young female tennis players: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Risk Factors and Prevention of Musculoskeletal Injuries in Adolescent and Adult High-Performance Tennis Players: A Systematic Review.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Risk Contributors for Shoulder Injuries Among Adolescent Tennis Participants: A Prospective Group Study.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2025Article
- Muscle Recruitment and Asymmetry in Bilateral Shoulder Injury Prevention Exercises: A Cross-Sectional Comparison Between Tennis Players and Non-Tennis Players.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Adaptation Characteristics in the Range of Motion of the Shoulder Among Young Male Volleyball Players.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- Psychometric Properties of the Athletic Shoulder Test in Adolescent Tennis Players.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Clinically Feasible Quantitative Assessments of Dynamic Scapular Motion: A Scoping Review.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2025Article
- Range of Motion and Muscle Stiffness Differences in Junior Tennis Players with and without a History of Shoulder Pain.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2025Article
- Resident Case Series: The Utility of the Athletic Shoulder Test Using Wireless Portable Force Plates for Measuring Peak Force in NCAA Division One Collegiate Quarterbacks.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2025Article
- Treatment of Initial Anterior Shoulder Instability in National Hockey League Players: A Survey of NHL Team Physicians.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2024Article
- Shoulder range of motion in competitive tennis players: systematic review and meta-analysis.JSES international · 2024Review
- Upper limb functional testing in athletes: A Delphi study.Shoulder & elbow · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit and Sex Differences in Range of Motion of Adolescent Volleyball Players: A Case-Control Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Physical fitness and throwing speed in U13 versus U15 male handball players.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2022Article
- Force-Time Curve Variable Outcomes Following a Simulated Tennis Match in Junior Players.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2022Article
- Inter-Limb Muscle Property Differences in Junior Tennis Players.Journal of human kinetics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextTennis requires repetitive overhead movements that can lead to upper extremity injury. The scapula and the shoulder play a vital role in injury-free playing. Scapular dysfunction and glenohumeral changes in strength and range of motion (ROM) have been associated with shoulder injury in the overhead athlete.
objectiveTo compare scapular position and strength and shoulder ROM and strength between Swedish elite tennis players of 3 age categories (<14, 14-16, and >16 years).
designCross-sectional study.
settingTennis training sports facilities. PATIENTS OR OTHER
participantsFifty-nine adolescent Swedish elite tennis players (ages 10-20 years) selected based on their national ranking. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): We used a clinical screening protocol with a digital inclinometer and a handheld dynamometer to measure scapular upward rotation at several angles of arm elevation, isometric scapular muscle strength, glenohumeral ROM, and isometric rotator cuff strength.
resultsPlayers older than 16 years showed less scapular upward rotation on the dominant side at 90° and 180° (P < .05). Although all absolute scapular muscle strength values increased with age, there was no change in the body-weight-normalized strength of the middle (P = .9) and lower (P = .81) trapezius or serratus anterior (P = .17). Glenohumeral internal-rotation ROM and total ROM tended to decrease, but this finding was not statistically significant (P = .052 and P = .06, respectively). Whereas normalized internal-rotator strength increased from 14 to 16 years to older than 16 years (P = .009), normalized external-rotator and supraspinatus strength remained unchanged.
conclusionsAge-related changes in shoulder and scapular strength and ROM were apparent in elite adolescent tennis players. Future authors should examine the association of these adaptations with performance data and injury incidence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.