ArticleAmerican journal of preventive medicine2014
Factorial experiments: efficient tools for evaluation of intervention components.
Article in American journal of preventive medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 169 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Opt-IN: Optimization of Remotely Delivered Intensive Lifestyle Treatment for Obesity
A Social-Cognitive Smartphone Application for Improving Physical Activity in Adults
Compassionate And Loving Mindset Towards HEART Health riSk (CALM HEARTS 2): A Randomized Optimization Trial
Physical Activity in Adolescents With Chronic Kidney Disease
Who cites it
169 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Digital Mental Health Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Pooled it
- Are physical activity referral scheme components associated with increased physical activity, scheme uptake, and adherence rate? A meta-analysis and meta-regression.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2024Pooled it
- Personalized prediction of response to three meditation practices: A randomized controlled trial.Behaviour research and therapy · 2026Trial
- Adapting mHealth Interventions to Improve Self-Management of HIV and Reduce Substance Use Among Emerging Adults in Zambia: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2026Trial
- Feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a combined intimate partner violence (IPV) and mental health intervention (WINGS+PM+) for women in informal settlements in Kenya.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Trial
- HabitWalk: A micro-randomized trial to understand and promote habit formation in physical activity.Applied psychology. Health and well-being · 2025Trial
- Active Components in Internet-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder: A Randomized Full Factorial Trial.Psychotherapy and psychosomatics · 2025Trial
- Prevention of Infections in Cardiac Surgery (PICS)-Prevena Study - A pilot/vanguard factorial cluster cross-over RCT.PloS one · 2025Trial
- Effects of Chatbot Components to Facilitate Mental Health Services Use in Individuals With Eating Disorders Following Online Screening: An Optimization Randomized Controlled Trial.The International journal of eating disorders · 2024Trial
- Mailed feedback to primary care physicians on antibiotic prescribing for patients aged 65 years and older: pragmatic, factorial randomised controlled trial.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2024Trial
- Effect of Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Behavior Change Strategies on Physical Activity Among Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- A Randomized Control Trial for ReDeSign: A Dementia-Friendly Mobile Microlearning Training for Store Workers in Japan.The Gerontologist · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Successful Optimization of Tobacco Dependence Treatment in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Controlled Trial Using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy.Annals of emergency medicine · 2023Trial
- Advances in clinical trials methodology: Intervention optimization approaches in emergency medicine.The American journal of emergency medicine · 2022Trial
- Adaptive Goals and Reinforcement Timing to Increase Physical Activity in Adults: A Factorial Randomized Trial.American journal of preventive medicine · 2022Trial
- Exercise as a smoking cessation treatment for women: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2021Trial
- Targeted eHealth Intervention to Reduce Breast Cancer Survivors' Fear of Recurrence: Results From the FoRtitude Randomized Trial.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2021Trial
- Targeted self-regulation interventions in low-income children: Clinical trial results and implications for health behavior change.Journal of experimental child psychology · 2021Trial
- Which behaviour change techniques are effective to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour in adults: a factorial randomized trial of an e- and m-health intervention.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2020Trial
109 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAn understanding of the individual and combined effects of a set of intervention components is important for moving the science of preventive medicine interventions forward. This understanding can often be achieved in an efficient and economical way via a factorial experiment, in which two or more independent variables are manipulated. The factorial experiment is a complement to the RCT; the two designs address different research questions. PURPOSE: To offer an introduction to factorial experiments aimed at investigators trained primarily in the RCT.
methodsThe factorial experiment is compared and contrasted with other experimental designs used commonly in intervention science to highlight where each is most efficient and appropriate.
resultsSeveral points are made: factorial experiments make very efficient use of experimental subjects when the data are properly analyzed; a factorial experiment can have excellent statistical power even if it has relatively few subjects per experimental condition; and when conducting research to select components for inclusion in a multicomponent intervention, interactions should be studied rather than avoided.
conclusionsInvestigators in preventive medicine and related areas should begin considering factorial experiments alongside other approaches. Experimental designs should be chosen from a resource management perspective, which states that the best experimental design is the one that provides the greatest scientific benefit without exceeding available resources.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.