Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25091724›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2014

The extracellular matrix protein mindin as a novel adjuvant elicits stronger immune responses for rBAG1, rSRS4 and rSRS9 antigens of Toxoplasma gondii in BALB/c mice.

Xiaojing Sun, Mei Mei, Xu Zhang, Fusong Han, Boyin Jia, Xiaoyan Wei, Zhiguang Chang, Huijun Lu, Jigang Yin, Qijun Chen and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

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  5. Epitope-based vaccine as a universal vaccination strategy againstJournal of advanced veterinary and animal research · 2019
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Xiaojing Sun
Mei Mei
Xu Zhang
Fusong Han
Boyin Jia
Xiaoyan Wei
Zhiguang Chang
Huijun Lu
Jigang Yin
Qijun ChenKey Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi An Da Lu 5333, Changchun 5333, China. cqj@jlu.edu.cn.
Ning Jiang
Jilin University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVaccines are the most effective agents to control infections. However, recombinant vaccines often do not elicit strong immune responses. Protein antigens combined with proper adjuvants have been widely used to induce immune responses, especially the humoral immune responses, against various pathogens, including parasites. The extracellular matrix protein mindin has been recognised as an immune facilitator for initiating innate immune responses. It has therefore been expected to be a potentially potent adjuvant in the development of novel vaccines. The aim of this study was to investigate whether mindin could facilitate the induction of antigen-specific immune responses to recombinant antigens (rBAG1, rSRS4 and rSRS9) of Toxoplasma gondii in BALB/c mice.

methodsIn this study, we explored the adjuvant effect of the recombinant mindin in the generation of specific Th1 and Th2 responses to each of three T. gondii antigens, BAG1, SRS4 and SRS9. All mice in the experimental groups received either antigen alone or in combination with Freund's adjuvant or with the recombinant mindin. The immune responses after immunisation were measured by ELISA and lymphoproliferative assays. The immunised mice were challenged with live T. gondii tachyzoites, and the protection efficiency was compared between the groups.

resultsOur results revealed that mindin as an adjuvant could facilitate the recombinant proteins to efficiently stimulate humoral and cellular responses, including antigen-specific IgG1 and IgG2a, as well as lymphocyte proliferation. Furthermore, significantly improved protection against T. gondii infection was observed in the mindin group compared with that of Freund's adjuvant and no-adjuvant groups.

conclusionsThe extracellular matrix protein mindin can effectively induce antigen-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Our study provides a valuable basis for the development of an efficient, safe, non-toxic vaccine adjuvant for future use in humans and animals.

Indexed as

Adjuvants, ImmunologicAnimalsAntibodies, ProtozoanAntigens, ProtozoanExtracellular Matrix ProteinsFemaleHumansImmunity, CellularImmunity, HumoralImmunizationMaleMiceMice, Inbred BALB CProtozoan ProteinsProtozoan VaccinesTh1 CellsAdjuvants, ImmunologicAntibodies, ProtozoanAntigens, ProtozoanExtracellular Matrix ProteinsmindinProtozoan ProteinsProtozoan VaccinesVaccines, Synthetic

Identifiers

PMID25091724
PMCPMC4131031
OpenAlexW2065512289

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.