ArticlePloS one2014
Effect of incubation on bacterial communities of eggshells in a temperate bird, the Eurasian Magpie (Pica pica).
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Egg microbiome of the yellow-spotted Amazon river turtle (Podocnemis unifilis) modulates fusariosis fungal infection and hatching success.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Bacterial assemblages on eggs reflect nesting strategies in wetland-associated birds.PloS one · 2025Article
- Detection and characterization of Campylobacter in air samples from poultry houses using shot-gun metagenomics - a pilot study.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- Dynamics of Bacterial Communities on Eggshells and on Nest Materials During Incubation in the Oriental Tit (Parus minor).Microbial ecology · 2023Article
- Microbiome applications for laying hen performance and egg production.Poultry science · 2022Review
- Incubation determines favorable microbial communities in Chinese alligator nests.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Properties, Genetics and Innate Immune Function of the Cuticle in Egg-Laying Species.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Article
- Contribution of the Broiler Breeders' Fecal Microbiota to the Establishment of the Eggshell Microbiota.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Microbiome assembly of avian eggshells and their potential as transgenerational carriers of maternal microbiota.The ISME journal · 2018Article
- Article
- Microbial abundance on the eggs of a passerine bird and related fitness consequences between urban and rural habitats.PloS one · 2017Article
- Nest Bacterial Environment Affects Microbiome of Hoopoe Eggshells, but Not That of the Uropygial Secretion.PloS one · 2016Article
- Preening as a Vehicle for Key Bacteria in Hoopoes.Microbial ecology · 2015Article
- Laying date, incubation and egg breakage as determinants of bacterial load on bird eggshells: experimental evidence.Oecologia · 2015Article
- Shifts in bacterial communities of eggshells and antimicrobial activities in eggs during incubation in a ground-nesting passerine.PloS one · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Inhibitory effect of incubation on microbial growth has extensively been studied in wild bird populations using culture-based methods and conflicting results exist on whether incubation selectively affects the growth of microbes on the egg surface. In this study, we employed culture-independent methods, quantitative PCR and 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing, to elucidate the effect of incubation on the bacterial abundance and bacterial community composition on the eggshells of the Eurasian Magpie (Pica pica). We found that total bacterial abundance increased and diversity decreased on incubated eggs while there were no changes on non-incubated eggs. Interestingly, Gram-positive Bacillus, which include mostly harmless species, became dominant and genus Pseudomonas, which include opportunistic avian egg pathogens, were significantly reduced after incubation. These results suggest that avian incubation in temperate regions may promote the growth of harmless (or benevolent) bacteria and suppress the growth of pathogenic bacterial taxa and consequently reduce the diversity of microbes on the egg surface. We hypothesize that this may occur due to difference in sensitivity to dehydration on the egg surface among microbes, combined with the introduction of Bacillus from bird feathers and due to the presence of antibiotics that certain bacteria produce.
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