ArticleHeart rhythm2014
Comparison of the physiologic and prognostic implications of the heart rate versus the RR interval.
Article in Heart rhythm, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation and parasympathetic function in patients with coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2021Pooled it
- Carotid chemoreflex activity restrains post-exercise cardiac autonomic control in healthy humans and in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.The Journal of physiology · 2019Trial
- Dose-Dependent Effects of Subchronic Lead Exposure on the Right Atrium and Right Ventricle of Rats: An In Vitro Investigation.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025Article
- A performance evaluation of silver nanorods PDMS flexible dry electrodes for electrocardiogram monitoring.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Recovery of heart rate and heart rate variability after a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test in novice female runners.European journal of applied physiology · 2025Article
- Characterizing eye gaze and mental workload for assistive device control.Wearable technologies · 2025Article
- Exercise Training and Interventions for Coronary Artery Disease.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2022Review
- Sacubitril/Valsartan Improves Autonomic Function and Cardiopulmonary Parameters in Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction: JACC Focus Seminar.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2019Review
- Cardio-Respiratory Fitness and Autonomic Function in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2019Article
- A Comprehensive Feature Analysis of the Fetal Heart Rate Signal for the Intelligent Assessment of Fetal State.Journal of clinical medicine · 2018Article
- Heart rate recovery fast-to-slow phase transition: Influence of physical fitness and exercise intensity.Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHeart rate (HR) and RR interval are inversely related.
objectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine which parameter better describes the autonomic changes that occur after exercise and which provides stronger prognostic significance.
methodsHealthy volunteers (n = 33) underwent sequential bicycle exercise tests with selective autonomic blockade during exercise to define HR and RR interval changes in recovery due to parasympathetic effect, sympathetic effect, and sympathetic-parasympathetic interaction. The prognostic significance of resting HR and RR interval was assessed in a cohort study (n = 33,781). The prognostic significance of exercise HR and RR interval and 1-minute HR and RR interval recovery was assessed in patients referred for exercise testing (n = 2387).
resultsParasympathetic effect on HR and RR interval both increased in recovery (P < .001), while the sympathetic effect on HR declined (P < .001) and the sympathetic effect on the RR interval paradoxically increased. Significant sympathetic-parasympathetic interaction was noted with the HR analysis but not with the RR interval. Resting HR and RR interval had similar prognostic implications by age and gender. While resting and exercise HR and RR interval had similar prognostic implications, 1-minute HR recovery was a multivariate predictor of mortality (HR 0.81; 95%CI 0.69-0.95), while 1-minute RR interval recovery was not.
conclusionBased on these findings, HR (and its changes) is not necessarily interchangeable with the RR interval (and its changes) in either physiologic or prognostic studies. It is important to consider underlying physiologic constraints and identify wisely which parameter (or even other transformation of these parameters) is most suitable for a given analysis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.