Trial reportCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2014
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and risk of prostate cancer: results from the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial.
Trial report in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Interactions of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis and Vitamin D in Prostate Cancer Risk in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial.Nutrients · 2017Trial
- Circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Prostate Cancer Survival.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2016Trial
- Vitamin D-induced mechanisms in cancer prevention and therapy: Recent advances and future opportunities.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and risk of overall and site-specific cancers in Korean adults: results from two prospective cohort studies.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
- Dietary impacts on prostate cancer immunotherapy.Immunotherapy · 2025Review
- The double disparity: Vitamin D deficiency and lethal prostate cancer in black men.The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology · 2025Review
- Article
- Impact of modifiable lifestyle risk factors for prostate cancer prevention: a review of the literature.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- The role of the serum 25-OH vitamin D level on detecting prostate cancer in men with elevated prostate-specific antigen levels.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Vitamin D deficiency: a potential risk factor for cancer in obesity?International journal of obesity (2005) · 2022Review
- A glance at the emerging diagnostic biomarkers in the most prevalent genitourinary cancers.Saudi journal of biological sciences · 2022Review
- Is Vitamin D Deficiency Related to Increased Cancer Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Review
- Vitamin D Pathway and Other Related Polymorphisms and Risk of Prostate Cancer: Results from the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2020Article
- Consensus statement from 2Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2020Article
- Skeletal and Extraskeletal Actions of Vitamin D: Current Evidence and Outstanding Questions.Endocrine reviews · 2019Review
- Vitamin D Signaling Suppresses Early Prostate Carcinogenesis in TgAPTCancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2019Article
- High levels of PIWI-interacting RNAs are present in the small RNA landscape of prostate epithelium from vitamin D clinical trial specimens.The Prostate · 2019Article
- Dietary Carcinogens and DNA Adducts in Prostate Cancer.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEpidemiologic studies have reported inconsistent associations of vitamin D and prostate cancer risk; however, few have adequately controlled for detection bias related to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening, and the results of many studies may be affected by occult prostate cancers among controls.
methodsData for this nested case-control analysis (n = 1,695 cases/1,682 controls) are from the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial. Baseline serum was analyzed for 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. The presence or absence of cancer was subsequently determined by prostate biopsy. Polytomous logistic regression models were used to estimate associations of 25(OH)D with risk of total, Gleason 2-6, Gleason 7, and Gleason 8-10 prostate cancer. Results are presented for placebo and finasteride arms separately and combined.
resultsThere were no associations of serum 25(OH)D with total prostate cancer risk. For Gleason 2-6 cancers, results were inconsistent across treatment arms with a suggestion of increased risk in the placebo arm only; however, there was no dose-response relationship. For Gleason 8-10 prostate cancers, 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with a linear decrease in risk among combined treatment arms [quartile 4 vs. 1: OR, 0.55; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.32-0.94; P(trend) = 0.04]. These findings were somewhat stronger among men ≥65 versus 55-64 years at baseline (quartile 4 vs. 1: OR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.18-0.88 vs. OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.35-1.52, respectively; P(interaction) = 0.52).
conclusionsHigher serum 25(OH)D may modestly increase risk of Gleason 2-6 disease and more substantially reduce risk of Gleason 8-10 prostate cancer. IMPACT: Vitamin D may have different effects for different stages of prostate cancers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.