ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2014
Adequacy of antenatal care and its relationship with low birth weight in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil: a case-control study.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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23 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quality of antenatal care and maternal mortality: a mixed-methods study in Purwakarta District, Indonesia.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Sociodemographic, Mental, and Lifestyle Correlates of Mediterranean Diet Adherence in Children Aged 6-9 Years: Findings from a Large National Survey in Greece.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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- Being a First Nations baby is not independently associated with low birthweight in a large metropolitan health service.The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology · 2024Article
- Magnitude, disparity, and predictors of poor-quality antenatal care service: A systematic review and meta-analysis.SAGE open medicine · 2024Review
- Independent and joint contributions of inadequate antenatal care timing, contacts and content to adverse pregnancy outcomes.Annals of medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Impact of Antenatal Care on Perinatal Outcomes in New South Wales, Australia: A Decade-Long Regional Perspective.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Antenatal Care Services and Incidence of Low Birth Weight: A Comparison of Demographic and Health Surveys in 4 ASEAN Countries.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2022Article
- Perception of pregnant women towards early antenatal visit in Fiji: a qualitative study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Changes in pregnancy outcomes during the COVID-19 lockdown in Iran.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Article
- An Association between Maternal Occupations and Low Birth Weight Infants in Japan from 1995 to 2015.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Prevalence and Determinants of Adequate Compliance with Antenatal Care in Peru.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2021Article
- Adequate antenatal care and ethnicity affect preterm birth in pregnant women living in the tropical rainforest of Suriname.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Article
- Association between maternal lifestyle factors and low birth weight in preterm and term births: a case-control study.Reproductive health · 2020Article
- Predictors of low birth weight and preterm birth in rural Uganda: Findings from a birth cohort study.PloS one · 2020Article
- Maternal obstetric and socio-demographic determinants of low birth weight: a retrospective cross-sectional study in Ghana.Reproductive health · 2019Article
- Factors associated with low birth weight in Afghanistan: a cross-sectional analysis of the demographic and health survey 2015.BMJ open · 2019Article
- Quality antenatal care protects against low birth weight in 42 poor counties of Western China.PloS one · 2019Article
- Understanding barriers preventing pregnant women from starting antenatal clinic in the first trimester of pregnancy in Ntcheu District-Malawi.Reproductive health · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBirth weight reflects gestational conditions and development during the fetal period. Low birth weight (LBW) may be associated with antenatal care (ANC) adequacy and quality. The purpose of this study was to analyze ANC adequacy and its relationship with LBW in the Unified Health System in Brazil.
methodsA case-control study was conducted in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, 2004 to 2008. Data were collected from secondary sources (the Live Birth Certificate), and primary sources (the official medical records of pregnant women). The study population consisted of two groups, each with 860 newborns. The case group comprised newborns weighing less than 2,500 grams, while the control group comprised live newborns weighing greater than or equal to 2,500 grams. Adequacy of ANC was evaluated according to three measurements: 1. Adequacy of the number of ANC visits adjusted to gestational age; 2. Modified Kessner Index; and 3. Adequacy of ANC laboratory studies and exams summary measure according to parameters defined by the Ministry of Health in the Program for Prenatal and Birth Care Humanization.
resultsAnalyses revealed that LBW was associated with the number of ANC visits adjusted to gestational age (OR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.32-2.34) and the ANC laboratory studies and exams summary measure (OR = 4.13, 95% CI 1.36-12.51). According to the modified Kessner Index, 64.4% of antenatal visits in the LBW group were adequate, with no differences between groups.
conclusionsOur data corroborate the association between inadequate number of ANC visits, laboratory studies and exams, and increased risk of LBW newborns. No association was found between the modified Kessner Index as a measure of adequacy of ANC and LBW. This finding reveals the low indices of coverage for basic actions already well regulated in the Health System in Brazil. Despite the association found in the study, we cannot conclude that LBW would be prevented only by an adequate ANC, as LBW is associated with factors of complex and multifactorial etiology. The results could be used to plan monitoring measures and evaluate programs of health care assistance during pregnancy, at delivery and to newborns, focusing on reduced LBW rates.
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