ReviewBehavioural pharmacology2014
Drug withdrawal conceptualized as a stressor.
Review in Behavioural pharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Longitudinal dynamics of the gut microbiome during methamphetamine addiction and abstinence.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with mental distress among men at higher risk of HIV infection enrolled in an HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis program in Tanga, Tanzania.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Novel neurotherapeutic targets for substance use disorders: Neuroplasticity, neuroinflammation, gasotransmitters and non-canonical organ systems.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025Review
- Spontaneous oxycodone withdrawal disrupts sleep, diurnal, and electrophysiological dynamics in rats.PloS one · 2025Article
- Mast-cell-specific receptor mediates alcohol-withdrawal-associated headache in male mice.Neuron · 2024Article
- Understanding the habenula: A major node in circuits regulating emotion and motivation.Pharmacological research · 2023Review
- Prevalence and correlates of stocking up on drugs during the COVID-19 pandemic: Data from the C3PNO Consortium.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
- Neurodevelopmental origins of substance use disorders: Evidence from animal models of early-life adversity and addiction.The European journal of neuroscience · 2022Review
- Release of endogenous dynorphin opioids in the prefrontal cortex disrupts cognition.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Identifying Opioid Withdrawal Using Wearable Biosensors.Proceedings of the ... Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences · 2021Article
- Mitochondria-Related Nuclear Gene Expression in the Nucleus Accumbens and Blood Mitochondrial Copy Number After Developmental Fentanyl Exposure in Adolescent Male and Female C57BL/6 Mice.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Organic cation transporter 3 and the dopamine transporter differentially regulate catecholamine uptake in the basolateral amygdala and nucleus accumbens.The European journal of neuroscience · 2020Article
- Prediction of attempted suicide in men and women with crack-cocaine use disorder in Brazil.PloS one · 2020Article
- The Brain Emotional Systems in Addictions: From Attachment to Dominance/Submission Systems.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2020Article
- Behavioral Pharmacology of Novel Kappa Opioid Receptor Antagonists in Rats.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2019Article
- Morphine-Induced Dendritic Spine Remodeling in Rat Nucleus Accumbens Is Corticosterone Dependent.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2019Article
- Sex differences in neural mechanisms mediating reward and addiction.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2019Review
- Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript (CART) Peptide Plays Critical Role in Psychostimulant-Induced Depression.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2018Review
- Effects of Chronic Social Defeat Stress on Sleep and Circadian Rhythms Are Mitigated by Kappa-Opioid Receptor Antagonism.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2017Article
- Cocaine Seeking During Initial Abstinence Is Driven by Noradrenergic and Serotonergic Signaling in Hippocampus in a Sex-Dependent Manner.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Drug withdrawal is often conceptualized as an aversive state that motivates drug-seeking and drug-taking behaviors in humans. Stress is more difficult to define, but is also frequently associated with aversive states. Here we describe evidence for the simple theory that drug withdrawal is a stress-like state, on the basis of common effects on behavioral, neurochemical, and molecular endpoints. We also describe data suggesting a more complex relationship between drug withdrawal and stress. As one example, we will highlight evidence that, depending on drug class, components of withdrawal can produce effects that have characteristics consistent with mood elevation. In addition, some stressors can act as positive reinforcers, defined as having the ability to increase the probability of a behavior that produces it. As such, accumulating evidence supports the general principles of opponent process theory, whereby processes that have an affective valence are followed in time by an opponent process that has the opposite valence. Throughout, we identify gaps in knowledge and propose future directions for research. A better understanding of the similarities, differences, and overlaps between drug withdrawal and stress will lead to the development of improved treatments for addiction, as well as for a vast array of neuropsychiatric conditions that are triggered or exacerbated by stress.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.