ReviewTherapeutic advances in drug safety2011
Metabolic activation of clopidogrel: in vitro data provide conflicting evidence for the contributions of CYP2C19 and PON1.
Review in Therapeutic advances in drug safety, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- A network meta-analysis: evaluating the efficacy and safety of concurrent proton pump inhibitors and clopidogrel therapy in post-PCI patients.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Anticoagulation Therapies and microRNAs in Heart Failure.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Delineating CYP2C19-mediated Interactions: Network Pharmacology Investigation of Ilaprazole and ClopidogrelCurrent drug discovery technologies · 2025Article
- Molecular genomic and epigenomic characteristics related to aspirin and clopidogrel resistance.BMC medical genomics · 2024Article
- Prevalence of CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 Allelic Variants and Clopidogrel Use in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease in Trinidad & Tobago.Cardiology and therapy · 2024Article
- The diversity and clinical implications of genetic variants influencing clopidogrel bioactivation and response in the Emirati population.Human genomics · 2024Article
- Computational drug-drug interaction prediction mediated by CYP450 isoforms of Ilaprazole coadministered with clopidogrel.Future science OA · 2024Article
- Virtual twin for healthcare management.Frontiers in digital health · 2023Article
- Influence of CYP450 Enzymes and ABCB1 Polymorphisms on Clopidogrel Response in Moroccan Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes.Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Drug repositioning of Clopidogrel or Triamterene to inhibit influenza virus replication in vitro.PloS one · 2021Article
- Genomic research delivering on promises: From rejuvenation to vaccines and pharmacogenetics.Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics · 2020Article
- Personalized medicine: is it a pharmacogenetic mirage?British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The recent report that clopidogrel efficacy may be more dependent on paraoxonase-1 (PON1) than on cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) activity raises questions about the roles of these and other enzymes in clopidogrel activation. To provide insight into the emerging PON1 versus CYP2C19 debate, this commentary summarizes the clinical evidence on the pharmacokinetic determinants of clopidogrel efficacy. We then review the in vitro studies investigating the enzymes involved in clopidogrel activation, and comment on their strengths and limitations. There is agreement amongst in vitro studies regarding the involvement of CYP1A2 and CYP2B6 in the metabolism of clopidogrel to 2-oxo-clopidogrel. However, the evidence for other CYP enzymes in the first activation step (e.g. CYP2C19 and CYP3A4) is inconsistent and dependent on the in vitro test system and laboratory. All major drug metabolizing CYP enzymes are capable of converting 2-oxo-clopidogrel to sulfenic acid intermediates that subsequently form the active thiol metabolite. However, the extent of CYP involvement in this second step has been challenged, and new evidence suggests that CYP-independent hydrolytic cleavage of the thioester bond may be more important than oxidative metabolism.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.