Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25080460›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2014

Decline in childhood iron deficiency after interruption of malaria transmission in highland Kenya.

Anne E P Frosch, Bartholomew N Ondigo, George A Ayodo, John M Vulule, Chandy C John, Sarah E Cusick

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Iron Deficiency Is Associated With Reduced Levels of Plasmodium falciparum-specific Antibodies in African Children.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021
    Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Biology of Anemia: A Public Health Perspective.The Journal of nutrition · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Anne E P FroschFrom the Division of Global Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (AEPF, CCJ, and SEC); the Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya (BNO); and the Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya (BNO, GAA, JMV, and CCJ).
Bartholomew N OndigoFrom the Division of Global Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (AEPF, CCJ, and SEC); the Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya (BNO); and the Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya (BNO, GAA, JMV, and CCJ).
George A AyodoFrom the Division of Global Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (AEPF, CCJ, and SEC); the Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya (BNO); and the Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya (BNO, GAA, JMV, and CCJ).
John M VululeFrom the Division of Global Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (AEPF, CCJ, and SEC); the Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya (BNO); and the Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya (BNO, GAA, JMV, and CCJ).
Chandy C JohnFrom the Division of Global Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (AEPF, CCJ, and SEC); the Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya (BNO); and the Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya (BNO, GAA, JMV, and CCJ).
Sarah E CusickFrom the Division of Global Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (AEPF, CCJ, and SEC); the Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya (BNO); and the Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya (BNO, GAA, JMV, and CCJ).
Maseno University · KEUniversity of Minnesota · US

Funding

University of Minnesota Clinical and Translational Science Institute (UMN CTSI)UL1TR000114 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI BLAZAR, BRUCE R · 2012 to 2015
$35.0M
Infectious Disease Training in Clinical InvestigationT32AI055433 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI David R Boulware · 2003 to 2026
$6.1M
Malaria transmission and immunity in highland KenyaU01AI056270 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI JOHN, CHANDY C. · 2005 to 2009
$2.9M
Acute vs. delayed iron therapy: effect on iron status, anemia and cognitionU01HD064698 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI JOHN, CHANDY C. · 2009 to 2013
$916k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000114NCATS NIH HHS UL1TR000114NIAID NIH HHS T32AI055433NIAID NIH HHS U01AI056270NICHD NIH HHS U01HD064698
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAchieving optimal iron status in children in malaria-endemic areas may increase the risk of malaria. Malaria itself may contribute to iron deficiency, but the impact of an interruption in malaria transmission on the prevalence of iron deficiency is unknown.

objectivesWe aimed to determine whether 1) iron status improved in children living in 2 Kenyan villages with a documented cessation in malaria transmission and 2) changes in iron status correlated with changes in hemoglobin.

designWe measured iron [hemoglobin, ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR)] and inflammatory [C-reactive protein (CRP)] markers in paired plasma samples from 190 children aged 4-59 mo at the beginning (May 2007) and end (July 2008) of a documented 12-mo period of interruption in malaria transmission in 2 highland areas in Kenya with unstable malaria transmission and ongoing malaria surveillance.

resultsBetween May 2007 and July 2008, mean (±SD) hemoglobin increased from 10.8 ± 1.6 to 11.6 ± 1.6 g/dL. Median (25th, 75th percentile) ferritin increased from 17.0 (9.7, 25.6) to 22.6 (13.4, 34.7) μg/L (P < 0.001), whereas median sTfR decreased from 32.4 (26.3, 43.2) to 27.7 (22.1, 36.0) nmol/L (P < 0.001). Median CRP was low (<1 mg/L in both years) and did not change significantly. Iron deficiency prevalence (ferritin <12 μg/L, or <30 μg/L if CRP ≥10 mg/L) decreased from 35.9% (95% CI: 28.9%, 43.0%) to 24.9% (18.5%, 31.2%) (P = 0.005). The prevalence of iron deficiency with anemia (hemoglobin <11.0 g/dL) declined from 27.2% (20.7%, 33.8%) to 12.2% (7.4%, 17.1%) (P < 0.001). Improvement in iron status correlated with an increase in hemoglobin and was greater than explained by physiologic changes expected with age.

conclusionsIn this area of unstable malaria transmission, the prevalence of iron deficiency in children decreased significantly after the interruption of malaria transmission and was correlated with an increase in hemoglobin. These findings suggest that malaria elimination strategies themselves may be an effective way to address iron deficiency in malaria-endemic areas.

Indexed as

Health TransitionMosquito ControlRural HealthAnemia, Iron-DeficiencyAntimalarialsBiomarkersChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesEndemic DiseasesFemaleHemoglobinsHumansIncidenceInfantKenyaAntimalarialsBiomarkersHemoglobins

Identifiers

PMID25080460
PMCPMC4135504
OpenAlexW1969149071

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.