ArticleChest2014
Increased risk of radiographic emphysema in HIV is associated with elevated soluble CD14 and nadir CD4.
Article in Chest, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of emphysema in people living with human immunodeficiency virus in the current combined antiretroviral therapy era: A systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Incidental findings on chest computed tomography are common and linked to inflammation in HIV-infected adults.Antiviral therapy · 2017Trial
- Review
- Pulmonary Immunocompromise in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease.Clinics in chest medicine · 2025Review
- The lung proteome in HIV-associated obstructive lung disease.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in People with HIV: an Evidence-Based Review.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- HIV and Inflamm-Aging: How Do We Reach the Summit of Healthy Aging?Topics in antiviral medicine · 2024Review
- Virion-incorporated CD14 enables HIV-1 to bind LPS and initiate TLR4 signaling in immune cells.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Pulmonary Function and Quality of Life in Aging Men With and Without HIV from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2023Article
- Pneumoproteins and biomarkers of inflammation and coagulation do not predict rapid lung function decline in people living with HIV.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
- COPD in People with HIV: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Management, and Prevention Strategies.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2023Review
- Pulmonary and physical function limitations in aging men with and without HIV from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS).Annals of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Cross sectional analysis of the effect of alcohol on pulmonary function in a cohort of men and women living with HIV.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2022Article
- Neglected mycobiome in HIV infection: Alterations, common fungal diseases and antifungal immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- World AIDS Day: 40 years of an evolving pulmonary landscape.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2021Article
- Article
- Increased homeostatic cytokines and stability of HIV-infected memory CD4 T-cells identify individuals with suboptimal CD4 T-cell recovery on-ART.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe association between HIV and emphysema remains incompletely understood. We sought to determine whether HIV is an independent risk factor for emphysema severity and whether markers of HIV severity and systemic biomarkers of inflammation (IL-6), altered coagulation (D-dimer), and immune activation (soluble CD14) are associated with emphysema.
methodsWe performed a cross-sectional analysis of 114 participants with HIV infection and 89 participants without HIV infection in the Examinations of HIV-Associated Lung Emphysema (EXHALE) study. Participants underwent chest CT imaging with blinded semiquantitative interpretation of emphysema severity, distribution, and type. We generated multivariable logistic regression models to determine the risk of HIV for radiographic emphysema, defined as > 10% lung involvement. Similar analyses examined associations of plasma biomarkers, HIV RNA, and recent and nadir CD4 cell counts with emphysema among participants with HIV infection.
resultsParticipants with HIV infection had greater radiographic emphysema severity with increased lower lung zone and diffuse involvement. HIV was associated with significantly increased risk for > 10% emphysema in analyses adjusted for cigarette smoking pack-years (OR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.12-4.48). In multivariable analyses restricted to participants with HIV infection, nadir CD4 < 200 cells/μL (OR, 2.98; 95% CI, 1.14-7.81), and high soluble CD14 level (upper 25th percentile) (OR, 2.55; 95% CI, 1.04-6.22) were associated with increased risk of > 10% emphysema. IL-6 and D-dimer were not associated with emphysema in HIV.
conclusionsHIV is an independent risk factor for radiographic emphysema. Emphysema severity was significantly greater among participants with HIV infection. Among those with HIV, nadir CD4 < 200 cells/μL and elevated soluble CD14 level were associated with emphysema, highlighting potential mechanisms linking HIV with emphysema.
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