Trial reportJournal of periodontology2014
Effect of intensive oral hygiene regimen during pregnancy on periodontal health, cytokine levels, and pregnancy outcomes: a pilot study.
Trial report in Journal of periodontology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oral health knowledge, perceptions and attitudes of pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.BMC oral health · 2025Pooled it
- Temporal dynamics of early inflammatory markers after professional dental cleaning: a meta-analysis and spline-based meta-regression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and (hs)CRP.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Does Treatment of Gingivitis During Pregnancy Improve Pregnancy Outcomes? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Oral health & preventive dentistry · 2021Pooled it
- Non-Surgical Treatment of Periodontal Disease in a Pregnant Caucasian Women Population: Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes of a Randomized Clinical Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Trial
- Effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the degree of gingival inflammation and stress markers related to pregnancy.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2018Trial
- Regular consumption of Lactobacillus reuteri-containing lozenges reduces pregnancy gingivitis: an RCT.Journal of clinical periodontology · 2016Trial
- Change of periodontal inflammatory indicators through a 4-week weight control intervention including caloric restriction and exercise training in young Koreans: a pilot study.BMC oral health · 2015Trial
- Effectiveness of Customized Animated Video-Based Oral Health Education Compared With Conventional Model-Based Education on Oral Hygiene Status and Practices Among Pregnant Women Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric DentistryTrial
- A critical review on the roles of natural products in shaping oral microbiota and preventing chronic diseases.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2026Review
- The oral - X axis: from periodontal dysbiosis to systemic disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Alzheimer's Disease andLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The association of reproductive health factors with periodontitis in 45-80 years old US women from NHANES 2009-2014.Clinical oral investigations · 2024Article
- Periodontitis and Its Inflammatory Changes Linked to Various Systemic Diseases: A Review of Its Underlying Mechanisms.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Association between Maternal Periodontitis and Development of Systematic Diseases in Offspring.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- A Survey on Oral Health Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Pregnant Women Attending Four General Health Hospitals in Switzerland.Oral health & preventive dentistry · 2022Article
- Interaction between stress, cytokines, and salivary cortisol in pregnant and non-pregnant women with gingivitis.Clinical oral investigations · 2021Article
- Association between periodontal pathogens and systemic disease.Biomedical journal · 2019Review
- Pregnancy-induced periodontal inflammation: Influence of salivary cytokines and antimicrobial proteins.The Saudi dental journal · 2018Article
- Personal Oral Infection Control, Low Birthweight, and Preterm Births in Appalachia West Virginia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Advances in preventive medicine · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundData are limited on the potential effect of intensive oral hygiene regimens and periodontal therapy during pregnancy on periodontal health, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum cytokines, and pregnancy outcomes.
methodsA clinical trial was conducted on 120 community-dwelling, 16- to 35-year-old pregnant women at 16 to 24 weeks of gestation. Each participant presented with clinical evidence of generalized, moderate-to-severe gingivitis. Oral hygiene products were provided, together with instructions for an intensive daily regimen of hygiene practices. Non-surgical therapy was provided at baseline. Oral examinations were completed at baseline and again at 4 and 8 weeks. In addition, samples of blood and GCF were collected at baseline and week 8. Mean changes in clinical variables and GCF and serum cytokine levels (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α) between baseline and week 8 were calculated using paired t test. Pregnancy outcomes were recorded at parturition.
resultsRESULTS indicated a statistically significant reduction in all clinical variables (P <0.0001) and decreased levels of TNF-α (P = 0.0076) and IL-1β (P = 0.0098) in GCF during the study period. The rate of preterm births (<37 weeks of gestation) was 6.7% (P = 0.113) and low birth weight (<2,500 g) was 10.2% (P = 1.00).
conclusionsAmong the population studied, intensive instructions and non-surgical periodontal therapy provided during 8 weeks at early pregnancy resulted in decreased gingival inflammation and a generalized improvement in periodontal health. Large-scale, randomized, controlled studies are needed to substantiate these findings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.