ArticleToxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology2014
The role of autophagy in usnic acid-induced toxicity in hepatic cells.
Article in Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanistic study of the cytotoxicity of cannabidiol and its metabolites in HepG2 cells.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Targeting heat shock protein 90 with usnic acid relieves immune suppression via aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated mechanisms in lung cancer.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Article
- Mechanistic study of pexidartinib-induced toxicity in human hepatic cells.Chemico-biological interactions · 2025Article
- Piperine induces cellular stresses, apoptosis, and cytotoxicity via JNK signaling and has concentration-dependently additive or synergistic effects with sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma: an in-vitro study.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Hepatotoxicity of usnic acid and underlying mechanisms.Journal of environmental science and health. Part C, Toxicology and carcinogenesis · 2025Review
- Multifaceted Properties of Usnic Acid in Disrupting Cancer Hallmarks.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Usnic Acid Targets 14-3-3 Proteins and Suppresses Cancer Progression by Blocking Substrate Interaction.JACS Au · 2024Article
- Inhibition of Autophagy Increases Cell Death in HeLa Cells through Usnic Acid Isolated from Lichens.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Myricetin induces apoptosis through the MAPK pathway and regulates JNK‑mediated autophagy in SK‑BR‑3 cells.International journal of molecular medicine · 2022Article
- Toxicity of Usnic Acid: A Narrative Review.Journal of toxicology · 2022Review
- (+)-Usnic acid modulates the Nrf2-ARE pathway in FaDu hypopharyngeal carcinoma cells.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2021Article
- Characterization of cytochrome P450s (CYP)-overexpressing HepG2 cells for assessing drug and chemical-induced liver toxicity.Journal of environmental science and health. Part C, Toxicology and carcinogenesis · 2021Article
- Emerging club drugs: 5-(2-aminopropyl)benzofuran (5-APB) is more toxic than its isomer 6-(2-aminopropyl)benzofuran (6-APB) in hepatocyte cellular models.Archives of toxicology · 2020Article
- Oxidative stress mediated by gyrophoric acid from the lichen Umbilicaria hirsuta affected apoptosis and stress/survival pathways in HeLa cells.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2019Article
- The Development of a Database for Herbal and Dietary Supplement Induced Liver Toxicity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
- DNA damage-induced apoptosis and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway contribute to the toxicity of dronedarone in hepatic cells.Environmental and molecular mutagenesis · 2018Article
- ROS generation and JNK activation contribute to 4-methoxy-TEMPO-induced cytotoxicity, autophagy, and DNA damage in HepG2 cells.Archives of toxicology · 2018Article
- (+)-Usnic Acid Inhibits Migration of c-KIT Positive Cells in Human Colorectal Cancer.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2018Article
- Endoplasmic reticulum stress and MAPK signaling pathway activation underlie leflunomide-induced toxicity in HepG2 Cells.Toxicology · 2017Article
- Activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in usnic acid-induced toxicity in HepG2 cells.Archives of toxicology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The use of usnic acid and usnic acid-containing products is associated with acute liver failure; however, mechanistic studies of hepatotoxicity caused by usnic acid are limited. In this study, we investigated and characterized the possible mechanisms, especially the role of autophagy in usnic acid's toxicity in human HepG2 cells. Usnic acid caused apoptosis as demonstrated by an increased caspase-3/7 activity and an increased subdiploid nucleus formation. Usnic acid-induced autophagy as demonstrated by the conversion of LC3B-I to LC3B-II, degradation of P62, and an increased number of puncta. Inhibition of autophagy by treating cells with autophagy inhibitors (3-methyladenine or chloroquine) or by small interfering RNA against Atg7 aggravated usnic acid-induced apoptosis and decreased cell viability, indicating that autophagy plays a protective role against usnic acid-induced toxicity. Moreover, usnic acid activated the MAPK signaling pathway. Usnic acid-elicited apoptosis was enhanced and autophagy was decreased when JNK was suppressed by a specific inhibitor. Additionally, inhibition of autophagy decreased the activity of JNK. Taken together, our results suggest that usnic acid perturbs various interrelated signaling pathways and that autophagy induction is a defensive mechanism against usnic acid-induced cytotoxicity.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.