SynthesisThe Cochrane database of systematic reviews2014
Antenatal breast milk expression by women with diabetes for improving infant outcomes.
Synthesis in The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of antenatal breast milk expression on maternal and infant outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Pooled it
- The efficacy and the safety of antenatal breastmilk expression on breastfeeding outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Pooled it
- Treatments for women with gestational diabetes mellitus: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Different insulin types and regimens for pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Structured antenatal milk expression education for nulliparous pregnant people: results of a pilot, randomized controlled trial in the United States.International breastfeeding journal · 2022Trial
- "It gave me so much confidence": First-time U.S. mothers' experiences with antenatal milk expression.Maternal & child nutrition · 2019Trial
- Safety and efficacy of antenatal milk expressing for women with diabetes in pregnancy: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.BMJ open · 2014Trial
- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Across the Perinatal Continuum: A Narrative Review of Woman-Centered, Holistic Care Models.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Effect of antenatal colostrum expression teaching on breastfeeding practices and birth outcomes: a retrospective case-control chart review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Effect of antenatal breast milk expression or postnatal dietary intervention on breastfeeding outcomes and human milk composition in women with excess weight: protocol for the Ready, Set, Nourish study, a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- The multifunctional role of bovine colostrum in managing diabetes: clinical insights and potential therapeutic effects.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Evaluation of a breastmilk hand expression toolkit: the M.I.L.K survey study.International breastfeeding journal · 2022Article
- Evaluating antenatal breastmilk expression outcomes: a scoping review.International breastfeeding journal · 2021Article
- Maternal and newborn outcomes of antenatal breastmilk expression: a scoping review protocol.BMJ open · 2020Article
- Women's perspectives on antenatal breast expression: a cross-sectional survey.Reproductive health · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSome women with diabetes in pregnancy are encouraged to express and store colostrum prior to birthing. Following birth, the breastfed infant may be given the stored colostrum to minimise the use of artificial formula or intravenous dextrose administration if correction of hypoglycaemia is required. However, findings from observational studies suggest that antenatal breast milk expression may stimulate labour earlier than expected and increase admissions to special care nurseries for correction of neonatal hypoglycaemia.
objectivesTo evaluate the benefits and harms of the expression and storage of breast milk during late pregnancy by women with diabetes. SEARCH
methodsWe searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (30 June 2014). SELECTION CRITERIA: All published and unpublished randomised controlled trials comparing antenatal breast milk expressing with not expressing, by pregnant women with diabetes (pre-existing or gestational) and a singleton pregnancy. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently evaluated reports identified by the search strategy. MAIN
resultsThere were no published or unpublished randomised controlled trials comparing antenatal expressing with not expressing. One randomised trial is currently underway. AUTHORS'
conclusionsThere is no high level systematic evidence to inform the safety and efficacy of the practice of expressing and storing breast milk during pregnancy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.