SynthesisEndocrine2015
Fruit intake decreases risk of incident type 2 diabetes: an updated meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Endocrine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Dietary Fruit and Vegetable Consumption on Prediabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses on Consumption of Different Food Groups and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Dietary Sugar Intake and Incident Type 2 Diabetes Risk: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Pooled it
- Preventive Role of Diet Interventions and Dietary Factors in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Umbrella Review.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Mediterranean Diet Pyramid: A Proposal for Italian People. A Systematic Review of Prospective Studies to Derive Serving Sizes.Nutrients · 2019Pooled it
- Food sources of fructose-containing sugars and glycaemic control: systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled intervention studies.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2018Pooled it
- Randomised crossover controlled trial of dietary interventions for glycaemic control when body weight is kept stable.Journal of nutritional science · 2025Trial
- Fruit intake, fruit glycemic load, and type 2 diabetes risk: findings from a community based Korean cohort study.Nutrition research and practice · 2026Article
- Mediterranean diet lowers risk of new-onset diabetes: a nationwide cohort study in China.Nutrition journal · 2024Article
- Inverse Association of the Adequacy and Balance Scores in the Modified Healthy Eating Index with Type 2 Diabetes in Women.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Benefits of Whey Proteins on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Parameters and Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Parkinson's Disease Etiology: Insights and Associations with Phosphate Toxicity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Substitution of pure fruit juice for fruit and sugar-sweetened beverages and cardiometabolic risk in European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-NL: a prospective cohort study.Public health nutrition · 2022Article
- How Far Are We from the Planetary Health Diet? A Threshold Regression Analysis of Global Diets.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Observational
- Diabetes risk reduction diet and the risk of pancreatic cancer.European journal of nutrition · 2022Article
- Factors Associated with Hemoglobin A1c Level Among Women Without Prior Diabetes Diagnosis in Rural Areas of Central South China: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of women's health · 2022Article
- Specific fruit but not total fruit intake during early pregnancy is inversely associated with gestational diabetes mellitus risk: a prospective cohort study.Public health nutrition · 2021Article
- Mediterranean Diet and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Perpetual Inspiration for the Scientific World. A Review.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Impact of dietary counseling on the perception of diet in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.Diabetology international · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Association between fruit intake and risk of type 2 diabetes is inconsistent. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis of all prospective cohort studies to clarify the association between fruit intake and risk of type 2 diabetes. Relevant studies were identified by searches of the PubMed and Embase databases up to November 2013. The summary relative risks of association were obtained using a fixed- or random-effects model. A total of nine prospective studies (403,259 participants, including 27,940 with incident type 2 diabetes) from seven publications were included in the meta-analysis of fruit intake and risk of type 2 diabetes. We found that individuals in the highest category of fruit intake had a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes (relative risk 0.92, 95 % confidence interval 0.86-0.97, p = 0.003) compared to those in the lowest category, with moderate evidence of between-study heterogeneity (I (2) = 37.6 %, p = 0.12). There was an evident non-linear association of fruit intake with type 2 diabetes (P for nonlinearity <0.001). A non-linear threshold of 200 g/day of fruit intake was identified and the risk of type 2 diabetes reduced by about 13 % at this cut-off. Our findings are consistent with diet recommendations to consume about 200 g/day of fruits to prevent type 2 diabetes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.