Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25074070›Full record

SynthesisBMJ open2014

Effect of tree nuts on metabolic syndrome criteria: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Sonia Blanco Mejia, Cyril W C Kendall, Effie Viguiliouk, Livia S Augustin, Vanessa Ha, Adrian I Cozma, Arash Mirrahimi, Adriana Maroleanu, Laura Chiavaroli, Lawrence A Leiter and 3 more

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMJ open, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 66 papers, 16 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
66citing papers in PubMed, 16 pooled it
8.9field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01630980 completednot on this map

Effect of Tree Nuts on Glycemic Control and Features of the Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Controlled Dietary Trials to Provide Evidence-based Guidance for Nutrition Guidelines Development

TypeobservationalSponsorJohn SievenpiperRan2012 to 2014Enrolled1ConditionsDiabetes, Prediabetes, Dysglycemia, OverweightArmsTree nuts
NCT02654535 completednot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

Nuts in Relation to Markers of Adiposity, Overweight, and Obesity: A Series of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials and Prospective Cohort Studies

TypeobservationalSponsorJohn SievenpiperRan2015 to 2021Enrolled1ConditionsBody Weight, Obesity, Overweight, AdiposityArmsDietary tree nuts & peanuts
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

66 citing papers in PubMed, 16 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 147 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Pooled it
  9. Pooled it
  10. Pooled it
  11. Pooled it
  12. Pooled it
  13. Pooled it
  14. Pooled it
  15. Pooled it
  16. Pooled it
  17. Trial
  18. Trial
  19. Trial
  20. Trial

6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Sonia Blanco MejiaDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Cyril W C KendallDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Effie ViguilioukDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Livia S AugustinDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Vanessa HaDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Adrian I CozmaDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Arash MirrahimiDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Ontario, Canada.
Adriana MaroleanuToronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Laura ChiavaroliDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Lawrence A LeiterDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Russell J de SouzaDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
David J A JenkinsDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
John L SievenpiperToronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
St. Michael's Hospital · CAUniversity of Toronto · CAMcMaster University · CAUniversity of Saskatchewan · CA

Funding

Canadian Institutes of Health Research 129920
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo provide a broader evidence summary to inform dietary guidelines of the effect of tree nuts on criteria of the metabolic syndrome (MetS).

designWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of tree nuts on criteria of the MetS. DATA SOURCES: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library (through 4 April 2014). ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES: We included relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of ≥3 weeks reporting at least one criterion of the MetS. DATA EXTRACTION: Two or more independent reviewers extracted all relevant data. Data were pooled using the generic inverse variance method using random effects models and expressed as mean differences (MD) with 95% CIs. Heterogeneity was assessed by the Cochran Q statistic and quantified by the I(2) statistic. Study quality and risk of bias were assessed.

resultsEligibility criteria were met by 49 RCTs including 2226 participants who were otherwise healthy or had dyslipidaemia, MetS or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Tree nut interventions lowered triglycerides (MD=-0.06 mmol/L (95% CI -0.09 to -0.03 mmol/L)) and fasting blood glucose (MD=-0.08 mmol/L (95% CI -0.16 to -0.01 mmol/L)) compared with control diet interventions. There was no effect on waist circumference, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol or blood pressure with the direction of effect favouring tree nuts for waist circumference. There was evidence of significant unexplained heterogeneity in all analyses (p<0.05).

conclusionsPooled analyses show a MetS benefit of tree nuts through modest decreases in triglycerides and fasting blood glucose with no adverse effects on other criteria across nut types. As our conclusions are limited by the short duration and poor quality of the majority of trials, as well as significant unexplained between-study heterogeneity, there remains a need for larger, longer, high-quality trials. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01630980.

Indexed as

NutsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTreesHumansLipid MetabolismLipidsMetabolic SyndromeLipidsNutrition & Dietetics

Identifiers

PMID25074070
PMCPMC4120343
OpenAlexW2113378946

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.