SynthesisAddiction (Abingdon, England)2015
Neuroimaging craving: urge intensity matters.
Synthesis in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Parameter Space and Potential for Biomarker Development in 25 Years of fMRI Drug Cue Reactivity: A Systematic Review.JAMA psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Neuroimaging Impaired Response Inhibition and Salience Attribution in Human Drug Addiction: A Systematic Review.Neuron · 2018Pooled it
- The effects of N-Acetylcysteine on frontostriatal resting-state functional connectivity, withdrawal symptoms and smoking abstinence: A double-blind, placebo-controlled fMRI pilot study.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2015Trial
- Considerations for Neural Cannabis Cue-Reactivity Studies in Individuals With Cannabis Use Disorder.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
- A comprehensive analysis of craving in smoking cue-exposure research: Differential associations across racial identity and sex.Journal of psychopathology and clinical science · 2025Article
- Exploring the relationship between cue-induced craving and withdrawal craving in MUD individuals based on a virtual-reality cue exposure paradigm.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Regulation of craving for real-time fMRI neurofeedback based on individual classification.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Article
- Attentional Bias, Pupillometry, and Spontaneous Blink Rate: Eye Characteristic Assessment Within a Translatable Nicotine Cue Virtual Reality Paradigm.JMIR serious games · 2024Article
- A three-dimensional model of neural activity and phenomenal-behavioral patterns.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Review
- The effects of nicotine use during adolescence and young adulthood on gray matter cerebral blood flow estimates.Brain imaging and behavior · 2024Article
- IUPHAR Review: New strategies for medications to treat substance use disorders.Pharmacological research · 2024Review
- Constructing Craving: Applying the Theory of Constructed Emotion to Urge States.Current directions in psychological science · 2022Article
- A Person-Centered Analysis of Craving in Smoking-Cue-Exposure Research.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2022Article
- A methodological checklist for fMRI drug cue reactivity studies: development and expert consensus.Nature protocols · 2022Article
- Using Virtual Reality to Induce and Assess Objective Correlates of Nicotine Craving: Paradigm Development Study.JMIR serious games · 2022Article
- Impact of binge drinking during college on resting state functional connectivity.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Article
- Identifying neural signatures of tobacco retail outlet exposure: Preliminary validation of a "community neuroscience" paradigm.Addiction biology · 2021Article
- Event-related brain response to visual cues in individuals with Internet gaming disorder: relevance to attentional bias and decision-making.Translational psychiatry · 2021Article
- Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reveals Overactivation of the Habitual Control Brain System in Tobacco Dependence.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2021Article
- Neural cue reactivity during acute abstinence predicts short-term smoking relapse.Addiction biology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Functional neuroimaging has become an increasingly common tool for studying drug craving. Furthermore, functional neuroimaging studies, which have addressed an incredibly diverse array of questions regarding the nature and treatment of craving, have had a substantial impact on theoretical models of addiction. Here, we offer three points related to this sizeable and influential body of research. First, we assert that the craving most investigators seek to study represents not just a desire but a strong desire to use drugs, consistent with prominent theoretical and clinical descriptions of craving. Secondly, we highlight that, despite the clear conceptual and clinical emphasis on craving as an intense desire, brain imaging studies often have been designed explicitly in a way that reduces the ability to generate powerful cravings. We illustrate this point by reviewing the peak urge levels endorsed by participants in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of cigarette craving in nicotine-deprived versus non-deprived smokers. Thirdly, we suggest that brain responses measured during mild states of desire (such as following satiety) differ in fundamental ways from those measured during states of overpowering desire (i.e. craving) to use drugs. We support this position by way of a meta-analysis revealing that fMRI cue exposure studies using nicotine-deprived smokers have produced different patterns of brain activation to those using non-deprived smokers. Regarding brain imaging studies of craving, intensity of the urges matter, and more explicit attention to urge intensity in future work has the potential to yield valuable information about the nature of craving.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.