Trial reportClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2014
HIV-1 DNA decay dynamics in blood during more than a decade of suppressive antiretroviral therapy.
Trial report in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00001137 (Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group Longitudinal Linked Randomized Trials), which is not on this map. Cited by 158 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group Longitudinal Linked Randomized Trials (ALLRT) Protocol
Who cites it
158 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association between baseline HIV-1 DNA levels and clinical outcomes in people living with HIV: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Pooled it
- In-depth Analysis of the HIV Reservoir Confirms Effectiveness and Safety of Dolutegravir/Lamivudine in a Phase 4 Randomized Controlled Switch Trial (RUMBA).The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Brief Report: Low-Dose Methotrexate Does Not Affect Measures of HIV-1 Persistence in Individuals With Chronically Treated HIV-1 Infection.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2024Trial
- Vedolizumab and ART in recent HIV-1 infection unveil the role of α4β7 in reservoir size.JCI insight · 2024Trial
- Early intervention with 3BNC117 and romidepsin at antiretroviral treatment initiation in people with HIV-1: a phase 1b/2a, randomized trial.Nature medicine · 2022Trial
- Therapeutic prediction of HIV-1 DNA decay: a multicenter longitudinal cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Trial
- Longitudinal study reveals HIV-1-infected CD4+ T cell dynamics during long-term antiretroviral therapy.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Trial
- HIV-1 variants are archived throughout infection and persist in the reservoir.PLoS pathogens · 2020Trial
- A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Pilot Clinical Trial of Dipyridamole to Decrease Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Chronic Inflammation.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Trial
- HIV-1 CRF01_AE subtype and HIV-1 DNA level among patients with chronic HIV-1 infection: a correlation study.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Trial
- Switching From a Protease Inhibitor-based Regimen to a Dolutegravir-based Regimen: A Randomized Clinical Trial to Determine the Effect on Peripheral Blood and Ileum Biopsies From Antiretroviral Therapy-suppressed Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Individuals.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Trial
- Continued Decay of HIV Proviral DNA Upon Vaccination With HIV-1 Tat of Subjects on Long-Term ART: An 8-Year Follow-Up Study.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- No evidence of HIV replication in children on antiretroviral therapy.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Therapeutic Vaccination With Dendritic Cells Loaded With Autologous HIV Type 1-Infected Apoptotic Cells.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2016Trial
- Virologic and immunologic effects of adding maraviroc to suppressive antiretroviral therapy in individuals with suboptimal CD4+ T-cell recovery.AIDS (London, England) · 2015Trial
- HIV-1 Reservoir Dynamics after Vaccination and Antiretroviral Therapy Interruption Are Associated with Dendritic Cell Vaccine-Induced T Cell Responses.Journal of virology · 2015Trial
- Granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells sustain HIV reservoirs by inhibiting viral reactivation via arginase 1-mediated mechanisms.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Similar Changes in Proviral Landscapes Over 10 Years in 40 Individuals With Diverging HIV Reservoir Dynamics and Viral Load Kinetics.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Tools to Quantify and Characterize the Persistent Reservoir in People with HIV-1: Focus on Non-B Subtypes.Viruses · 2026Review
98 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) DNA dynamics during long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) are not defined.
methodsBlood mononuclear cells obtained during 7-12 years of effective ART were assayed for total HIV-1 DNA and 2-long terminal repeat (LTR) circles by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Slopes of HIV-1 DNA were estimated by participant-specific linear regressions. Plasma was assayed for residual viremia (HIV-1 RNA) by qPCR.
resultsThirty participants were studied. HIV-1 DNA decreased significantly from years 0-1 and 1-4 of ART with median decay slopes of -0.86 (interquartile range, -1.05, -0.59) and -0.11 (-0.17, -0.06) log10(copies/10(6) CD4+ T-cells)/year, respectively (P < .001). Decay was not significant for years 4-7 (-0.02 [-0.06, 0.02]; P = .09) or after year 7 of ART (-0.006 [-0.030, 0.015]; P = .17). All participants had detectable HIV-1 DNA after 10 years (median 439 copies/10(6) CD4+ T-cells; range: 7-2074). Pre-ART HIV-1 DNA levels were positively associated with pre-ART HIV-1 RNA levels (Spearman = 0.71, P < .001) and with HIV-1 DNA at years 4, 7, and 10 on ART (Spearman ≥ 0.75, P < .001). No associations were found (P ≥ .25) between HIV-1 DNA slopes or levels and % activated CD8+ T-cells (average during years 1-4) or residual viremia (n = 18). 2-LTR circles were detected pre-ART in 20/29 and in 8/30 participants at last follow-up.
conclusionsDecay of HIV-1 DNA in blood is rapid in the first year after ART initiation (86% decline), slows during years 1-4 (23% decline/year), and subsequently plateaus. HIV-1 DNA decay is not associated with the levels of CD8+ T-cell activation or persistent viremia. The determinants of stable HIV-1 DNA persistence require further elucidation. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT00001137.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.