Observational studyJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2014
Factors associated with CD8+ T-cell activation in HIV-1-infected patients on long-term antiretroviral therapy.
Observational study in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Novel Effects of a Hydrolyzed Polysaccharide Dietary Supplement on Immune, Hepatic, and Renal Function in Adults with HIV in a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Control Trial.Journal of dietary supplements · 2020Trial
- Low-Level Viremia as an Independent Risk Factor for Metabolic Syndrome in People Living with HIV Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy: A 6-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Evolving mechanisms and presentations of cardiovascular disease in people with HIV: implications for management.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- HIV post-treatment controllers have distinct immunological and virological features.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- The effects of twenty-four nutrients and phytonutrients on immune system function and inflammation: A narrative review.Journal of clinical and translational research · 2021Review
- Parallel studies of mucosal immunity in the reproductive and gastrointestinal mucosa of HIV-infected women.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2020Article
- Impact of Age and HIV Status on Immune Activation, Senescence and Apoptosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- INSTI-Based Triple Regimens in Treatment-Naïve HIV-Infected Patients Are Associated With HIV-RNA Viral Load Suppression at Ultralow Levels.Open forum infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Impact of HIV-ART on the restoration of Th17 and Treg cells in blood and female genital mucosa.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Reduction of inflammation and T cell activation after 6 months of cART initiation during acute, but not in early chronic HIV-1 infection.Retrovirology · 2018Article
- Review
- Review
- Intracellular HIV-1 RNA and CD4+ T-cell activation in patients starting antiretrovirals.AIDS (London, England) · 2017Article
- Association of Hepatitis C Virus Infection With CD4/CD8 Ratio in HIV-Positive Women.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Article
- Serious Non-AIDS Events: Therapeutic Targets of Immune Activation and Chronic Inflammation in HIV Infection.Drugs · 2016Review
- HIV-1 Env Glycoprotein Phenotype along with Immune Activation Determines CD4 T Cell Loss in HIV Patients.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2016Article
- Elevation and persistence of CD8 T-cells in HIV infection: the Achilles heel in the ART era.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2016Review
- HIV Replication at Low Copy Number and its Correlation with the HIV Reservoir: A Clinical Perspective.Current HIV research · 2015Review
- Antiretroviral Regimens and CD4/CD8 Ratio Normalization in HIV-Infected Patients during the Initial Year of Treatment: A Cohort Study.PloS one · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAbnormal levels of CD8 T-cell activation persist in HIV-1-infected patients on suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) and may be deleterious.
methodsCD8 T-cell activation (% coexpressing CD38/HLA-DR) was analyzed on blood specimens from 833 HIV-1-infected patients on ART for ≥96 weeks with concurrent plasma HIV RNA (vRNA) ≤200 copies per milliliter. Factors associated with CD8 T-cell activation were assessed using generalized estimating equations to incorporate longitudinal measurements (median 4/participant).
resultsParticipants were 84% men, 47% white, 28% black, and 22% Hispanic, with median pre-ART age 38 years and median ART exposure 144 weeks. CD8 T-cell activation was higher at timepoints when vRNA was 51-200 versus ≤50 copies per milliliter [mean CD8 T-cell activation 23.4% vs. 19.7%; adjusted difference: 1.7% (95% confidence interval: 0.1 to 3.4), P = 0.042]. Restricting to vRNA ≤50 copies per milliliter, multivariable models showed the following factors associated with higher CD8 T-cell activation: older age [≥45 vs. ≤30 years: 3.6% (1.4 to 5.7), P = 0.004], hepatitis C virus antibody positivity [3.6% (0.9 to 6.2), P = 0.032], Hispanic vs. white [7.2% (5.3 to 9.0), P < 0.001], lower concurrent CD4 count [≤200 vs. >500 cells/mm: 2.2% (0.7 to 3.7), P < 0.001], lower concurrent CD4/CD8 ratio [-2.6% (-3.7 to -1.5) per 0.5 unit increase, P < 0.001], and higher pre-ART CD8 T-cell activation [2.0% (1.6 to 2.5) per 10% higher, P < 0.001].
conclusionsIn participants included in our analysis, residual low-level viremia between 51 and 200 copies per milliliter during ART was shown to be associated with greater CD8 T-cell activation than full suppression to <50 copies per milliliter. Older age, hepatitis C virus antibody positivity, race/ethnicity, higher pre-ART CD8 T-cell activation, and lower concurrent CD4/CD8 ratio and CD4 T-cell count also contribute to greater CD8 T-cell activation during suppressive ART.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.