ReviewFrontiers in microbiology2014
Challenges to the development of vaccines to hepatitis C virus that elicit neutralizing antibodies.
Review in Frontiers in microbiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Characteristics in Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Implications for Vaccine Design.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Integrating molecular dynamics simulation with small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering to unravel the flexibility, antigen-blocking, and protease-restoring functions in a hindrance-based pro-antibody.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2024Article
- Hepatitis C Virus E1E2 Structure, Diversity, and Implications for Vaccine Development.Viruses · 2024Review
- Prospects for developing an Hepatitis C virus E1E2-based nanoparticle vaccine.Reviews in medical virology · 2023Review
- Polyvalent immunization elicits a synergistic broadly neutralizing immune response to hypervariable region 1 variants of hepatitis C virus.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Hepatitis Viruses Control Host Immune Responses by Modifying the Exosomal Biogenesis Pathway and Cargo.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Article
- Sites of vulnerability in HCV E1E2 identified by comprehensive functional screening.Cell reports · 2022Article
- The contribution of bovines to human health against viral infections.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Review
- Structural and Biophysical Characterization of the HCV E1E2 Heterodimer for Vaccine Development.Viruses · 2021Review
- Review
- Review
- Mechanisms of Hepatitis C Virus Escape from Vaccine-Relevant Neutralizing Antibodies.Vaccines · 2021Review
- Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin-Conjugated Peptides from Hepatitis C Virus Glycoproteins Elicit Neutralizing Antibodies in BALB/c Mice.Journal of immunology research · 2021Article
- Hepatitis C virus vaccine design: focus on the humoral immune response.Journal of biomedical science · 2020Review
- Hepatitis C Virus Vaccine: Challenges and Prospects.Vaccines · 2020Review
- Antigenic Variability.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Association of the Sialylation of Antibodies Specific to the HCV E2 Envelope Glycoprotein with Hepatic Fibrosis Progression and Antiviral Therapy Efficacy.Disease markers · 2020Article
- Article
- Clearance of hepatitis C virus is associated with early and potent but narrowly-directed, Envelope-specific antibodies.Scientific reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite 20 years of research, a vaccine to prevent hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has not been developed. A vaccine to prevent HCV will need to induce broadly reactive immunity able to prevent infection by the 7 genetically and antigenically distinct genotypes circulating world-wide. HCV encodes two surface exposed glycoproteins, E1 and E2 that function as a heterodimer to mediate viral entry. Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) to both E1 and E2 have been described with the major NAb target being E2. The function of E2 is to attach virions to host cells via cell surface receptors that include, but is not limited to, the tetraspanin CD81 and scavenger receptor class B type 1. However, E2 has developed a number of immune evasion strategies to limit the effectiveness of the NAb response and possibly limit the ability of the immune system to generate potent NAbs in natural infection. Hypervariable regions that shield the underlying core domain, subdominant neutralization epitopes and glycan shielding combine to make E2 a difficult target for the immune system. This review summarizes recent information on the role of NAbs to prevent HCV infection, the targets of the NAb response and structural information on glycoprotein E2 in complex with neutralizing antibodies. This new information should provide a framework for the rational design of new vaccine candidates that elicit highly potent broadly reactive NAbs to prevent HCV infection.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.