ReviewFrontiers in endocrinology2014
Clinical concepts on thyroid emergencies.
Review in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- From the Popoveniuc Score to Therapeutic Protocols: A Comprehensive Review of Myxedema Coma.Cureus · 2026Review
- Levothyroxine: Conventional and Novel Drug Delivery Formulations.Endocrine reviews · 2023Review
- Deficiency of Thyroid Hormone Reduces Voltage-Gated NaInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Clinical significance, challenges and limitations in using artificial intelligence for electrocardiography-based diagnosis.International journal of arrhythmia · 2022Review
- Myxedema heart disease and non-comatose presentation of myxedema: A case report.SAGE open medical case reports · 2022Article
- Management of thyroid disorders during the COVID-19 outbreak: a position statement from the Thyroid Department of the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism (SBEM).Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Article
- Artificial intelligence for detecting electrolyte imbalance using electrocardiography.Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc · 2021Article
- Hypothyroid Crisis: Oral or Intravenous Treatment? A Report of Two Cases.European journal of case reports in internal medicine · 2021Article
- Thyroid Hormone Is Related to Postoperative AKI in Acute Type A Aortic Dissection.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Article
- Intractable hiccups as a rare gastrointestinal manifestation in severe endocrine and metabolic crisis: case report and review of the literature.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2020Article
- Selenium in the Treatment of Graves' Hyperthyroidism and Eye Disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Review
- Nonthyroidal Illness Syndrome Across the Ages.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2019Review
- Idiopathic thyroid storm mimicking SIRS in a patient with hypothyroidism- a diagnostic dilemma.Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives · 2018Article
- Editorial: "Homeostasis and Allostasis of Thyroid Function".Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Article
- Thyrotoxic and pheochromocytoma multisystem crisis: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2017Article
- Peri-operative concerns in a patient with thyroid storm secondary to molar pregnancy.Indian journal of anaesthesia · 2015Article
- Thyroid function in critically ill patients.The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2015Review
- A Rare Case of Myxedema Coma with Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS).Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR · 2015Article
- Endocrine disorders and the neurologic manifestations.Annals of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism · 2014Review
- Thyroid storm - A case report.Journal of anaesthesiology, clinical pharmacologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThyroid-related emergencies are caused by overt dysfunction of the gland which are so severe that require admission to intensive care units (ICU) frequently. Nonetheless, in the ICU setting, it is crucial to differentiate patients with non-thyroidal illness and alterations in thyroid function tests from those with intrinsic thyroid disease. This review presents and discusses the main etiopathogenetical and clinical aspects of hypothyroid coma (HC) and thyrotoxic storm (TS), including therapeutic strategy flow-charts. Furthermore, a special chapter is dedicated to the approach to massive goiter, which represents a surgical thyroid emergency. DATA SOURCE: We searched the electronic MEDLINE database on September 2013. Data Selection and Data Extraction: Reviews, original articles, and case reports on "myxedematous coma," "HC," "thyroid storm," "TS," "massive goiter," "huge goiter," "prevalence," "etiology," "diagnosis," "therapy," and "prognosis" were selected. DATA SYNTHESIS AND
conclusionSevere excess or defect of thyroid hormone is rare conditions, which jeopardize the life of patients in most cases. Both HC and TS are triggered by precipitating factors, which occur in patients with severe hypothyroidism or thyrotoxicosis, respectively. The pillars of HC therapy are high-dose l-thyroxine and/or tri-iodothyroinine; i.v. glucocorticoids; treatment of hydro-electrolyte imbalance (mainly, hyponatraemia); treatment of hypothermia; often, endotracheal intubation and assisted mechanic ventilation are needed. Therapy of TS is based on beta-blockers, thyrostatics, and i.v. glucocorticoids; eventually, high-dose of iodide compounds or lithium carbonate may be of benefit. Surgery represents the gold standard treatment in patients with euthyroid massive nodular goiter, although new techniques - e.g., percutaneous laser ablation - are helpful in subjects at high surgical risk or refusing operation.
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