ArticlePflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology2015
High force development augments skeletal muscle signalling in resistance exercise modes equalized for time under tension.
Article in Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Lower-Volume Training on Physical Fitness Adaptations in Team Sports Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Sports medicine - open · 2025Pooled it
- Maximizing Muscle Hypertrophy: A Systematic Review of Advanced Resistance Training Techniques and Methods.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Pooled it
- A single, maximal dose of celecoxib, ibuprofen, or flurbiprofen does not reduce the muscle signalling response to plyometric exercise in young healthy adults.European journal of applied physiology · 2024Trial
- Flywheel resistance training promotes unique muscle architectural and performance-related adaptations in young adults.European journal of sport science · 2024Trial
- The effects of a caffeine containing pre-workout supplement on βEuropean journal of applied physiology · 2023Trial
- MAPK, androgen, and glucocorticoid receptor phosphorylation following high-frequency resistance exercise non-functional overreaching.European journal of applied physiology · 2019Trial
- Effects of blood flow restriction during moderate-intensity eccentric knee extensions.The journal of physiological sciences : JPS · 2018Trial
- Resistance-exercise-induced stress intervenes in TGF-β signaling by cooperatively downregulating nuclear αB-crystallin and SMAD4 in human skeletal muscle fibers.The FEBS journal · 2026Article
- Acute resistance exercise and training reduce desmin phosphorylation at serine 31 in human skeletal muscle, making the protein less prone to cleavage.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Advancing cancer cachexia diagnosis with -omics technology and exercise as molecular medicine.Sports medicine and health science · 2024Review
- Resistance exercise: a mighty tool that adapts, destroys, rebuilds and modulates the molecular and structural environment of skeletal muscle.Physical activity and nutrition · 2023Article
- Mechanotransduction for Muscle Protein Synthesis via Mechanically Activated Ion Channels.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Beyond Mechanical Tension: A Review of Resistance Exercise-Induced Lactate Responses & Muscle Hypertrophy.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2022Review
- Effects of Acute and Chronic Resistance Exercise on the Skeletal Muscle Metabolome.Metabolites · 2022Article
- Repeated and Interrupted Resistance Exercise Induces the Desensitization and Re-Sensitization of mTOR-Related Signaling in Human Skeletal Muscle Fibers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Strength Training in Swimming.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- High-Intensity Functional Training: Molecular Mechanisms and Benefits.Neuromolecular medicine · 2021Review
- Maintaining proteostasis under mechanical stress.EMBO reports · 2021Review
- Article
- PKM2 Determines Myofiber Hypertrophy In Vitro and Increases in Response to Resistance Exercise in Human Skeletal Muscle.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
How force development and time under tension (TUT) during resistance exercise (RE) influence anabolic signalling of skeletal muscle is incompletely understood. We hypothesized that high force development during RE is more important for post-exercise-induced signalling than submaximal and fatiguing RE with lower force development but similar TUT. Twenty-two male subjects (24 ± 6 years, 181 ± 9 cm, 79 ± 2 kg) performed three distinct RE modes in the fed state with equal TUT but distinct force output: (i) maximal eccentric RE (ECC, n = 7) three sets, eight reps, 100% eccentric dynamic force; (ii) standard RE (STD, n = 7), three sets, 10 reps, 75% dynamic force; and (iii) high fatiguing single-set RE (HIT, n = 8), 20 reps, 100% eccentric-concentric force; vastus lateralis biopsies were collected at baseline, 15, 30, 60, 240 min and 24 h after RE, and the signalling of mechanosensitive and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-related proteins was determined. The phosphorylation levels of pFAK(Tyr397), pJNK(Thr183/Tyr185), pAKT(Thr308/Ser473), pmTOR(Ser2448), p4E-BP1(Thr37/46), p70s6k(Thr389)/(Ser421/Thr424) and pS6(Ser235/236) were significantly higher in ECC than those in STD and HIT at several time points (P < 0.01). pJNK(Thr183/Tyr185) and pS6(Ser235/236) levels were significantly higher in type II myofibres in ECC compared with STD and HIT. HIT exerted throughout the weakest signalling response. We conclude that high force development during acute RE is superior for anabolic skeletal muscle signalling than fatiguing RE with lower force output but similar TUT. Our results suggest that this response is substantially driven by the higher activation of type II myofibres during RE.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.