SynthesisPloS one2014
Global burden of HIV among men who engage in transactional sex: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Why do men who have sex with men practice condomless sex? A systematic review and meta-synthesis.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Pooled it
- The burden of HIV infection among men who purchase sex in low- and middle-income countries - a systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2020Pooled it
- Human rights protections and HIV prevalence among MSM who sell sex: Cross-country comparisons from a systematic review and meta-analysis.Global public health · 2018Pooled it
- Transactional Sex and the HIV Epidemic Among Men Who have Sex with Men (MSM): Results From a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2015Pooled it
- Towards 'reflexive epidemiology': Conflation of cisgender male and transgender women sex workers and implications for global understandings of HIV prevalence.Global public healthPooled it
- PrEPare for Work: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of an Intervention to Optimize HIV PrEP Outcomes Among Male Sex Workers.AIDS and behavior · 2023Trial
- Effect of HIV Self-Testing on PrEP Adherence Among Gender-Diverse Sex Workers in Uganda: A Randomized Trial.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2022Trial
- HIV self-testing and oral pre-exposure prophylaxis are empowering for sex workers and their intimate partners: a qualitative study in Uganda.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Trial
- Perceptions of Buprenorphine With Naloxone Treatment and the Fear of Precipitated Withdrawal: A Qualitative Exploration With HIV Prevention Trials Network 094 INTEGRA Participants and Staff.Drug and alcohol review · 2026Article
- Transactional sex, HIV, and STIs among men who have sex with men in Ghana: an MSM bio-behavioral study.Tropical medicine and health · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Paid Sex and Associated Factors Among Women and Men Attending HIV Voluntary Counseling and Testing in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Prospective Cohort.Archives of sexual behavior · 2024Article
- Sexual Health Needs Among Men Who Engage in Transactional Sex with Men in the UK.Archives of sexual behavior · 2024Article
- Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of the "PrEPare for Work" intervention to enhance PrEP uptake and optimize adherence for HIV prevention among male sex workers in the U.S.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Examining HIV Knowledge and Sexually Risky Behaviors among Female Sex Workers in Kampala, Uganda.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- The State of the HIV Epidemic in the Philippines: Progress and Challenges in 2023.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Review
- Harm reduction and rights-based approaches to reduce monkeypox transmission among sex workers.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2023Review
- Prevalence and risk factors for transactional sex among Swedish-born and foreign-born MSM in Sweden.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Women's Economic Contribution, Relationship Status and Risky Sexual Behaviours: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from a Microfinance-Plus Programme in Rural South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMen who engage in transactional sex, the exchange of sex for money, goods, or other items of value, are thought to be at increased risk of HIV, but there have been no systematic attempts to characterize HIV burden in this population. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the burden in this population compared with that of men in the general population to better inform future HIV prevention efforts.
methodsWe searched seven electronic databases, national surveillance reports, and conference abstracts for studies of men who engage in transactional sex published between 2004-2013. Random effects meta-analysis was used to determine pooled HIV prevalence and prevalence ratios (PR) for the difference in HIV prevalence among men who engage in transactional sex as compared to general population men.
findingsOf 66 studies included representing 31,924 men who had engaged in transactional sex in 28 countries, pooled biological assay-confirmed HIV prevalence was 10.5% (95% CI = 9.4 to 11.5%). The highest pooled HIV prevalence was in Sub-Saharan Africa (31.5%, 95% CI = 21.6 to 41.5%), followed by Latin America (19.3%, 95% CI = 15.5 to 23.1%), North America (16.6%, 95% CI = 3.7 to 29.5%), and Europe (12.2%, 95% CI = 6.0 to 17.2%). Men who engaged in transactional sex had an elevated burden of HIV compared to the general male population (PR = 20.7, 95% CI = 16.8 to 25.5).
conclusionsThe global burden of HIV is disproportionately high among men who engage in transactional sex compared with the general male population. There is an urgent need to include this population in systematic surveillance as well as to scale-up access to quality HIV prevention programs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.