ArticlePloS one2014
High glucose alters retinal astrocytes phenotype through increased production of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurodegenerative and Glial Physiology in Diabetic Retinopathy: Dissociated Effects of Forskolin on Neuronal Survival and Glial Activation.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- The blood-retinal barrier in ocular pathologies: an updated narrative review.International ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Diabetic Retinopathy, a Comprehensive Overview on Pathophysiology and Relevant Experimental Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Role of Glyoxalase in Astrocytes' Supportive Function Under Hyperglycemic Conditions: Aminoguanidine and Kir4.1 Channel Recovery.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonism Demonstrates Therapeutic Potential in Experimental Models of Relevance to Diabetic Retinopathy.Diabetes · 2025Article
- Oxidative Stress and Complement Activation in Aqueous Cells and Vitreous from Patient with Vitreoretinal Diseases: Comparison Between Diabetic ERM and PDR.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Bioactive fiber-reinforced hydrogel to tailor cell microenvironment for structural and functional regeneration of myotendinous junction.Science advances · 2024Article
- Glial, Neuronal, Vascular, Retinal Pigment Epithelium, and Inflammatory Cell Damage in a New Western Diet-Induced Primate Model of Diabetic Retinopathy.The American journal of pathology · 2023Article
- The effect of GLP-1 receptor agonist lixisenatide on experimental diabetic retinopathy.Acta diabetologica · 2023Article
- Inflammation: The Link between Neural and Vascular Impairment in the Diabetic Retina and Therapeutic Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Elucidating glial responses to products of diabetes-associated systemic dyshomeostasis.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2023Review
- Macrophage/microglia polarization for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Azithromycin Protects Retinal Glia Against Oxidative Stress-Induced Morphological Changes, Inflammation, and Cell Death.ACS bio & med chem Au · 2022Article
- MicroRNA-150 (miR-150) and Diabetic Retinopathy: Is miR-150 Only a Biomarker or Does It Contribute to Disease Progression?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Article
- The innate immune system in diabetic retinopathy.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2021Review
- Diabetes Exacerbates the Intraocular Pressure-Independent Retinal Ganglion Cells Degeneration in the DBA/2J Model of Glaucoma.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Article
- An Update on Connexin Gap Junction and Hemichannels in Diabetic Retinopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- βA1-crystallin regulates glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function in mouse retinal astrocytes by modulating PTP1B activity.Communications biology · 2021Article
- Metabolic Imbalance Effect on Retinal Müller Glial Cells Reprogramming Capacity: Involvement of Histone Deacetylase SIRT6.Frontiers in genetics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Astrocytes are macroglial cells that have a crucial role in development of the retinal vasculature and maintenance of the blood-retina-barrier (BRB). Diabetes affects the physiology and function of retinal vascular cells including astrocytes (AC) leading to breakdown of BRB. However, the detailed cellular mechanisms leading to retinal AC dysfunction under high glucose conditions remain unclear. Here we show that high glucose conditions did not induce the apoptosis of retinal AC, but instead increased their rate of DNA synthesis and adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins. These alterations were associated with changes in intracellular signaling pathways involved in cell survival, migration and proliferation. High glucose conditions also affected the expression of inflammatory cytokines in retinal AC, activated NF-κB, and prevented their network formation on Matrigel. In addition, we showed that the attenuation of retinal AC migration under high glucose conditions, and capillary morphogenesis of retinal endothelial cells on Matrigel, was mediated through increased oxidative stress. Antioxidant proteins including heme oxygenase-1 and peroxiredoxin-2 levels were also increased in retinal AC under high glucose conditions through nuclear localization of transcription factor nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2. Together our results demonstrated that high glucose conditions alter the function of retinal AC by increased production of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress with significant impact on their proliferation, adhesion, and migration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.