ArticleArchives of physical medicine and rehabilitation2014
Ultrasound elastography: the new frontier in direct measurement of muscle stiffness.
Article in Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05608824 (Evaluation of Lower Extremity Athletic Injuries and Response to Treatment Using Shear Wave Elastography and Micro-vascular Flow Imaging), which is not on this map. Cited by 144 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of Lower Extremity Athletic Injuries and Response to Treatment Using Shear Wave Elastography and Micro-vascular Flow Imaging
Who cites it
144 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Changes of trunk muscle stiffness in individuals with low back pain: a systematic review with meta-analysis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Pooled it
- The impact of acute and chronic resistance exercise on muscle stiffness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of ultrasound · 2020Pooled it
- A comparative study of sonographic and clinical parameters in patient with upper trapezius muscle trigger point following dry needling and intramuscular electrical stimulation: a randomized control trial.Chiropractic & manual therapies · 2025Trial
- The effect of brief pre-anesthetic exercise therapy of jaw and neck joints on mouth opening, neck extension, and intubation conditions during induction of general anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2020Trial
- Bibliometric analysis of research hotspots and trends in fascia from 2013 to 2025.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2026Review
- Shear-Wave Anisotropy of the Vastus Lateralis During Low-Level Isometric Contraction Measured with Ultrasound Time-Harmonic Elastography.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Dynamic Changes in Peripheral Nerve Stiffness After Regional Anesthesia: Implications of Shear Wave Elastography in Adductor Canal Block.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Ultrasound shear wave elastography for the assessment of pelvic floor muscle stiffness: technical and analytical challenges in practice.Ultrasonography (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Assessment of the elasticity of lipedematous tissue and the examination of the relationship between pain and fibrosis in lipedema.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Observational
- Reliability of quadriceps and hamstring muscle stiffness measured by ultrasound shear wave elastography in patients with knee osteoarthritis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Real-time shear wave elastography and high-frequency ultrasound in the assessment of treatment outcomes for triceps surae muscle injury.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the Efficacy of Prolotherapy in Patients With Lateral Epicondylitis Using Shear-Wave Elastography.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Observational
- Clinical Validity of Shear Wave Elastography for Post-Stroke Spasticity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Effects of resistance exercises on rotator cuff muscle mechanical characteristics in shoulders with and without rotator cuff tears.PloS one · 2026Article
- Subclinical muscle softening in type 2 diabetes: a shear wave elastography study linking mechanical properties to metabolic profiles.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Advances in mechanical assessments of in vivo human lumbar spine tissues with noninvasive imaging techniques.npj biomedical innovations · 2026Review
- Skin layer thickness, muscle elasticity and their effects on pain level in fibromyalgia patients.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2025Article
- Explorative study using ultrasound time-harmonic elastography for stiffness-based quantification of skeletal muscle function.Zeitschrift fur medizinische Physik · 2025Article
- Analyzing the Usage of Shear-Wave Elastography in Evaluating Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Literature Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- Review
84 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The use of brightness-mode ultrasound and Doppler ultrasound in physical medicine and rehabilitation has increased dramatically. The continuing evolution of ultrasound technology has also produced ultrasound elastography, a cutting-edge technology that can directly measure the mechanical properties of tissue, including muscle stiffness. Its real-time and direct measurements of muscle stiffness can aid the diagnosis and rehabilitation of acute musculoskeletal injuries and chronic myofascial pain. It can also help monitor outcomes of interventions affecting muscle in neuromuscular and musculoskeletal diseases, and it can better inform the functional prognosis. This technology has implications for even broader use of ultrasound in physical medicine and rehabilitation practice, but more knowledge about its uses and limitations is essential to its appropriate clinical implementation. In this review, we describe different ultrasound elastography techniques for studying muscle stiffness, including strain elastography, acoustic radiation force impulse imaging, and shear-wave elastography. We discuss the basic principles of these techniques, including the strengths and limitations of their measurement capabilities. We review the current muscle research, discuss physiatric clinical applications of these techniques, and note directions for future research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.