ReviewEuropean journal of epidemiology2014
A critical review of the epidemiology of Agent Orange/TCDD and prostate cancer.
Review in European journal of epidemiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prostate cancer incidence and outcomes among Vietnam veterans receiving care in the Veterans Health Administration.Cancer · 2025Article
- Agent Orange and head and neck cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2025Review
- Prostate biopsy in patients without rectal access: a systematic review and proportional meta-analysis.Central European journal of urology · 2025Review
- How Agent Orange impacts prostate cancer risk, pathology, and treatment outcomes.Current urology · 2024Review
- Effect of TCDD exposure in adult female and male mice on the expression of miRNA in the ovaries and testes and associated reproductive functions.Frontiers in toxicology · 2023Article
- Article
- A Clinician's Guide to Occupational Exposures in the Military.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2022Review
- Transgenerational disease specific epigenetic sperm biomarkers after ancestral exposure to dioxin.Environmental research · 2021Article
- Cancer Progress and Priorities: Prostate Cancer.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2020Article
- A robust photoluminescence screening assay identifies uracil-DNA glycosylase inhibitors against prostate cancer.Chemical science · 2020Article
- Occupational Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer: A Meta-analysis.Journal of cancer prevention · 2019Review
- Article
- Upregulation of long noncoding RNA LOC440040 promotes tumor progression and predicts poor prognosis in patients with prostate cancer.OncoTargets and therapy · 2017Article
- 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin has both pro-carcinogenic and anti-carcinogenic effects on neuroendocrine prostate carcinoma formation in TRAMP mice.Toxicology and applied pharmacology · 2016Article
- The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor: A Key Bridging Molecule of External and Internal Chemical Signals.Environmental science & technology · 2015Review
- The Rotterdam Study: 2016 objectives and design update.European journal of epidemiology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To inform risk assessment and regulatory decision-making, the relationship between 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and prostate cancer requires clarification. This article systematically and critically reviews the epidemiologic evidence on the association between exposure to TCDD or Agent Orange, a TCDD-contaminated herbicide used during the Vietnam War, and prostate cancer risk. Articles evaluated include 11 studies of three cohorts, four case-control or cross-sectional studies, and three case-only studies of military veterans with information on estimated Agent Orange or TCDD exposure; 13 studies of seven cohorts, one case-control study, and eight proportionate morbidity or mortality studies of Vietnam veterans without information on Agent Orange exposure; 11 cohort studies of workers with occupational exposure to TCDD; and two studies of one community cohort with environmental exposure to TCDD. The most informative studies, including those of Vietnam veterans involved in Agent Orange spraying or other handling, herbicide manufacturing or spraying workers with occupational TCDD exposure, and community members exposed to TCDD through an industrial accident, consistently reported no significant increase in prostate cancer incidence or mortality. Only some potentially confounded studies of Vietnam veterans compared with the general population, studies with unreliable estimates of Agent Orange exposure, and analyses of selected subgroups of Vietnam veterans reported positive associations. Overall, epidemiologic research offers no consistent or convincing evidence of a causal relationship between exposure to Agent Orange or TCDD and prostate cancer. More accurate exposure assessment is needed in large epidemiologic studies to rule out a causal association more conclusively.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.