Trial reportJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2014
High frequency of cytolytic 21-hydroxylase-specific CD8+ T cells in autoimmune Addison's disease patients.
Trial report in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular mimicry between Anoctamin 2 and Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 associates with multiple sclerosis risk.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Trial
- Proteome-wide survey of the autoimmune target repertoire in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1.Scientific reports · 2016Trial
- IFN-γ-producing self-reactive CD4+ T cells induce autoimmune adrenalitis in a mouse model of Addison's disease.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Autoantibody repertoire analysis in paraneoplastic pemphigus reveals novel targets linked to mucocutaneous blistering and bronchiolitis obliterans.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- EndoCompass Project: Research Roadmap for Adrenal and Cardiovascular Endocrinology.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2025Review
- Exploring antigenic variation in autoimmune endocrinopathy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Regulatory T cells in autoimmune primary adrenal insufficiency.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2024Article
- Cross-reactive EBNA1 immunity targets alpha-crystallin B and is associated with multiple sclerosis.Science advances · 2023Article
- Autoimmune primary adrenal insufficiency -current diagnostic approaches and future perspectives.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Mimicking the brain: Epstein-Barr virus and foreign agents as drivers of neuroimmune attack in multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Epstein-Barr virus and multiple sclerosis: moving from questions of association to questions of mechanism.Clinical & translational immunology · 2023Review
- Heterogeneous natural history of Addison's disease: mineralocorticoid deficiency may predominate.Endocrine connections · 2023Article
- The genetics of autoimmune Addison disease: past, present and future.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2022Review
- B Cells and Autoantibodies in AIRE Deficiency.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Adrenal insufficiency.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2021Review
- GWAS for autoimmune Addison's disease identifies multiple risk loci and highlights AIRE in disease susceptibility.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Translational Research in Vitiligo.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- 21-Hydroxylase-Specific CD8+ T Cells in Autoimmune Addison's Disease Are Restricted by HLA-A2 and HLA-C7 Molecules.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Mass Cytometry Studies of Patients With Autoimmune Endocrine Diseases Reveal Distinct Disease-Specific Alterations in Immune Cell Subsets.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of Addison's disease in adults.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 9 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The mechanisms behind destruction of the adrenal glands in autoimmune Addison's disease remain unclear. Autoantibodies against steroid 21-hydroxylase, an intracellular key enzyme of the adrenal cortex, are found in >90% of patients, but these autoantibodies are not thought to mediate the disease. In this article, we demonstrate highly frequent 21-hydroxylase-specific T cells detectable in 20 patients with Addison's disease. Using overlapping 18-aa peptides spanning the full length of 21-hydroxylase, we identified immunodominant CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cell responses in a large proportion of Addison's patients both ex vivo and after in vitro culture of PBLs ≤20 y after diagnosis. In a large proportion of patients, CD8(+) and CD4(+) 21-hydroxylase-specific T cells were very abundant and detectable in ex vivo assays. HLA class I tetramer-guided isolation of 21-hydroxylase-specific CD8(+) T cells showed their ability to lyse 21-hydroxylase-positive target cells, consistent with a potential mechanism for disease pathogenesis. These data indicate that strong CTL responses to 21-hydroxylase often occur in vivo, and that reactive CTLs have substantial proliferative and cytolytic potential. These results have implications for earlier diagnosis of adrenal failure and ultimately a potential target for therapeutic intervention and induction of immunity against adrenal cortex cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.