Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25061139›Full record

SynthesisDiabetes care2014

Job strain as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes: a pooled analysis of 124,808 men and women.

Solja T Nyberg, Eleonor I Fransson, Katriina Heikkilä, Kirsi Ahola, Lars Alfredsson, Jakob B Bjorner, Marianne Borritz, Hermann Burr, Nico Dragano, Marcel Goldberg and 33 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Diabetes care, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 119 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
119citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
45.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

119 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 248 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Disruption of multisystem responses to stress in type 2 diabetes: investigating the dynamics of allostatic load.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2014
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59 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

43 authors at 17 institutions in 6 countries.

Solja T NybergFinnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, Finland solja.nyberg@ttl.fi m.kivimaki@ucl.ac.uk.
Eleonor I FranssonSchool of Health Sciences, Jönköping University, Jönköping, SwedenInstitute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenStress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Katriina HeikkiläFinnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, Finland.
Kirsi AholaFinnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, Finland.
Lars AlfredssonInstitute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenCentre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden.
Jakob B BjornerNational Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Marianne BorritzDepartment of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Hermann BurrFederal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Berlin, Germany.
Nico DraganoInstitute for Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Marcel GoldbergVersailles-Saint Quentin University, Versailles, FranceInserm U1018, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France.
Mark HamerDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, U.K.
Markus JokelaInstitute of Behavioral Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Anders KnutssonDepartment of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden.
Markku KoskenvuoDepartment of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Aki KoskinenFinnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, Finland.
Anne KouvonenSchool of Sociology, Social Policy & Social Work, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, U.K.UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health Northern Ireland, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, U.K.
Constanze LeineweberStress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Ida E H MadsenNational Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Linda L Magnusson HansonStress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Michael G MarmotDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, U.K.
Martin L NielsenDepartment of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Maria NordinDepartment of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Tuula OksanenFinnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, Finland.
Jan H PejtersenThe Danish National Centre for Social Research, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Jaana PenttiFinnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, Finland.
Reiner RuguliesNational Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Public Health and Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Paula SaloFinnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, FinlandDepartment of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Johannes SiegristInstitute for Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Andrew SteptoeDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, U.K.
Sakari SuominenFolkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, FinlandNordic School of Public Health, Göteborg, SwedenDepartment of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Töres TheorellStress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Ari VäänänenFinnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, Finland.
Jussi VahteraFinnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, FinlandDepartment of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, FinlandTurku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Marianna VirtanenFinnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, Finland.
Peter J M WesterholmOccupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Hugo WesterlundStress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Marie ZinsVersailles-Saint Quentin University, Versailles, FranceInserm U1018, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France.
G David BattyDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, U.K.Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K.
Eric J BrunnerDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, U.K.
Jane E FerrieDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, U.K.School of Community and Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K.
Archana Singh-ManouxInserm U1018, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, FranceDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, U.K.
Mika KivimäkiFinnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, FinlandDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, U.K.Hjelt Institute, Medical Faculty, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland solja.nyberg@ttl.fi m.kivimaki@ucl.ac.uk.
IPD-Work Consortium
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health · FIUniversity College London · GBStockholm University · SENational Research Centre for the Working Environment · DKUniversity of Helsinki · FIBispebjerg Hospital · DKHeinrich Heine University Düsseldorf · DEInserm · FRDanish National Centre for Social Research · DKFederal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health · DEKarolinska Institutet · SEMid Sweden University · SETurku University Hospital · FIUmeå University · SEUniversité de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines · FRUniversity of Turku · FIUppsala University · SE

Funding

Socioeconomic gradient in CHD in early old ageR01HL036310 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF LONDON · PI KIVIMAKI, MIKA J, MARMOT, MICHAEL G · 1986 to 2012
$3.1M
Health behaviors over the adult lifecourse and cognitive agingR01AG034454 · NIA · UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON · PI KIVIMAKI, MIKA J, SINGH-MANOUX, ARCHANA · 2009 to 2013
$1.5M
British Heart Foundation RG/07/008/23674British Heart Foundation RG/10/005/28296British Heart Foundation RG/13/2/30098Medical Research Council G0100222Medical Research Council G0601647Medical Research Council G0701830Medical Research Council G0902037Medical Research Council G1000616Medical Research Council G19/35Medical Research Council G8802774Medical Research Council K013351Medical Research Council MR/K013351/1Medical Research Council MR/K023241/1Medical Research Council MR/K026992/1NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL036310NHLBI NIH HHS R01-HL-036310NIA NIH HHS R01 AG034454NIA NIH HHS R01-AG-034454
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe status of psychosocial stress at work as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes is unclear because existing evidence is based on small studies and is subject to confounding by lifestyle factors, such as obesity and physical inactivity. This collaborative study examined whether stress at work, defined as "job strain," is associated with incident type 2 diabetes independent of lifestyle factors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsWe extracted individual-level data for 124,808 diabetes-free adults from 13 European cohort studies participating in the IPD-Work Consortium. We measured job strain with baseline questionnaires. Incident type 2 diabetes at follow-up was ascertained using national health registers, clinical screening, and self-reports. We analyzed data for each study using Cox regression and pooled the study-specific estimates in fixed-effect meta-analyses.

resultsThere were 3,703 cases of incident diabetes during a mean follow-up of 10.3 years. After adjustment for age, sex, and socioeconomic status (SES), the hazard ratio (HR) for job strain compared with no job strain was 1.15 (95% CI 1.06-1.25) with no difference between men and women (1.19 [1.06-1.34] and 1.13 [1.00-1.28], respectively). In stratified analyses, job strain was associated with an increased risk of diabetes among those with healthy and unhealthy lifestyle habits. In a multivariable model adjusted for age, sex, SES, and lifestyle habits, the HR was 1.11 (1.00-1.23).

conclusionsFindings from a large pan-European dataset suggest that job strain is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes in men and women independent of lifestyle factors.

Indexed as

WorkAdultBurnout, ProfessionalCohort StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2EuropeFemaleHumansIncidenceLife StyleMaleMiddle AgedObesityRisk FactorsStress, PsychologicalSurveys and Questionnaires

Identifiers

PMID25061139
PMCPMC4113178
OpenAlexW2170266504

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.