ArticleNeurotoxicology2014
Effects of low-level sarin and cyclosarin exposure on hippocampal subfields in Gulf War Veterans.
Article in Neurotoxicology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Individual-Level Factors Associated With 10-Year Incidence of Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias in the VA Million Veteran Program.Neurology · 2026Article
- Gulf War Illness: Neurological Impacts, Pathophysiological Insights, and Therapeutic Prospects.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Effects of predicted Khamisiyah exposure on default mode network resting state functional connectivity in Gulf War Veterans.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Article
- Article
- Is Gulf War Illness a prolonged early phase tauopathy?Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Article
- Chemical exposures and suspected impact on Gulf War Veterans.Military Medical Research · 2023Article
- Veteran-derived cerebral organoids display multifaceted pathological defects in studies on Gulf War Illness.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Article
- A review of chemical warfare agents linked to respiratory and neurological effects experienced in Gulf War Illness.Inhalation toxicology · 2022Review
- A cellular approach to understanding and treating Gulf War Illness.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2021Article
- The Department of Veterans Affairs Gulf War Veterans' Illnesses Biorepository: Supporting Research on Gulf War Veterans' Illnesses.Brain sciences · 2021Article
- Gulf War Illness: Mechanisms Underlying Brain Dysfunction and Promising Therapeutic Strategies.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2021Review
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment and Increased Hippocampal Astrocytes in a Mouse Model of Gulf War Illness.Neuroscience insights · 2021Article
- Neuroimaging Markers for Studying Gulf-War Illness: Single-Subject Level Analytical Method Based on Machine Learning.Brain sciences · 2020Article
- The Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in a Convenience Sample of 202 Gulf War Veterans.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Oxime-mediated reactivation of organophosphate-inhibited acetylcholinesterase with emphasis on centrally-active oximes.Neuropharmacology · 2020Review
- Gulf War Illness: C-Reactive Protein is Associated with Reduction of the Volume of Hippocampus and Decreased Fractional Anisotropy of the Fornix.Journal of neurology & neuromedicine · 2020Article
- Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor exposures as an initiating factor in the development of Gulf War Illness, a chronic neuroimmune disorder in deployed veterans.Neuropharmacology · 2020Review
- The Innate Immune System and Inflammatory Priming: Potential Mechanistic Factors in Mood Disorders and Gulf War Illness.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMore than 100,000 US troops were potentially exposed to chemical warfare agents sarin (GB) and cyclosarin (GF) when an ammunition dump at Khamisiyah, Iraq was destroyed during the 1991 Gulf War (GW). We previously reported reduced hippocampal volume in GW veterans with suspected GB/GF exposure relative to matched, unexposed GW veterans estimated from 1.5T magnetic resonance images (MRI). Here we investigate, in a different cohort of GW veterans, whether low-level GB/GF exposure is associated with structural alterations in specific hippocampal subfields, estimated from 4T MRI.
methodsThe Automatic Segmentation of Hippocampal Subfields (ASHS) technique was used to quantify CA1, CA2, CA3 and dentate gyrus (DG), and subiculum (SUB) subfields volumes from high-resolution T2-weighted images acquired on a 4T MR scanner in 56 GW veterans with suspected GB/GF exposure and 56 "matched" unexposed GW veterans (mean age 49±7 years).
resultsGB/GF exposed veterans had smaller CA2 (p=0.003) and CA3/DG (p=0.01) subfield volumes compared to matched, unexposed GW veterans. There were no group difference in total hippocampal volume, quantified with FreeSurfer, and no dose-response relationship between estimated levels of GB/GF exposure and total hippocampal or subfield volume.
conclusionsThese findings extend our previous report of structural alterations in the hippocampi of GW veterans with suspected GB/GF exposure to volume changes in the CA2, CA3, and DG hippocampal subfields in a different cohort of GW veterans with suspected GB/GF exposure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.