Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25058476›Full record

ArticlePloS one2014

Tick-borne encephalitis virus sequenced directly from questing and blood-feeding ticks reveals quasispecies variance.

Naveed Asghar, Pontus Lindblom, Wessam Melik, Richard Lindqvist, Mats Haglund, Pia Forsberg, Anna K Överby, Åshild Andreassen, Per-Eric Lindgren, Magnus Johansson

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Naveed AsgharSchool of Natural Science, Technology & Environmental Studies, Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden.
Pontus LindblomDivision of Medical Microbiology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Wessam MelikSchool of Natural Science, Technology & Environmental Studies, Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden.
Richard LindqvistDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Virology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Mats HaglundDepartment of Infectious Diseases, County Hospital, Kalmar, Sweden.
Pia ForsbergDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.
Anna K ÖverbyDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Virology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Åshild AndreassenDivision of Infectious Disease Control, Department of Virology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Per-Eric LindgrenDivision of Medical Microbiology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Division of Medical Services, Department of Microbiology, County Hospital Ryhov, Jönköping, Sweden.
Magnus JohanssonSchool of Natural Science, Technology & Environmental Studies, Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden; School of Medicine, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden; iRiSC - Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
Södertörn University · SELinköping University · SEUmeå University · SELandstinget i Kalmar län · SENorwegian Institute of Public Health · NORyhov Hospital Jönköping · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The increased distribution of the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) in Scandinavia highlights the importance of characterizing novel sequences within the natural foci. In this study, two TBEV strains: the Norwegian Mandal 2009 (questing nymphs pool) and the Swedish Saringe 2009 (blood-fed nymph) were sequenced and phylogenetically characterized. Interestingly, the sequence of Mandal 2009 revealed the shorter form of the TBEV genome, similar to the highly virulent Hypr strain, within the 3' non-coding region (3'NCR). A different genomic structure was found in the 3'NCR of Saringe 2009, as in-depth analysis demonstrated TBEV variants with different lengths within the poly(A) tract. This shows that TBEV quasispecies exists in nature and indicates a putative shift in the quasispecies pool when the virus switches between invertebrate and vertebrate environments. This prompted us to further sequence and analyze the 3'NCRs of additional Scandinavian TBEV strains and control strains, Hypr and Neudoerfl. Toro 2003 and Habo 2011 contained mainly a short (A)3C(A)6 poly(A) tract. A similar pattern was observed for the human TBEV isolates 1993/783 and 1991/4944; however, one clone of 1991/4944 contained an (A)3C(A)11 poly(A) sequence, demonstrating that quasispecies with longer poly(A) could be present in human isolates. Neudoerfl has previously been reported to contain a poly(A) region, but to our surprise the re-sequenced genome contained two major quasispecies variants, both lacking the poly(A) tract. We speculate that the observed differences are important factors for the understanding of virulence, spread, and control of the TBEV.

Indexed as

Genetic VariationAgedAnimalsBase SequenceChildEncephalitis, Tick-BorneEncephalitis Viruses, Tick-BorneHumansMaleMolecular Sequence DataNymphPhylogenyRNA, ViralSequence Analysis, RNASpecies SpecificityTicksRNA, Viral

Identifiers

PMID25058476
PMCPMC4110009
OpenAlexW2019863169

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.