ArticleJAMA2014
The intention-to-treat principle: how to assess the true effect of choosing a medical treatment.
Article in JAMA, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 102 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
ACCESS HD Pilot: A Randomized Trial Comparing Catheters to Fistulas in Elderly patientS Starting HemoDialysis
The Effectiveness of the Youth Initiated Mentoring Approach for Juvenile Delinquents
Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Blood Pressure Targets for Adults with Vasodilatory Shock - An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis.NEJM evidence · 2025Pooled it
- Viscosupplementation for knee osteoarthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2022Pooled it
- Self-management for chronic widespread pain including fibromyalgia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of Physical Exercise Training in the Workplace on Physical Fitness: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2019Pooled it
- Short-Term Outcomes of Single-Incision Versus Conventional Laparoscopic Surgery for Colorectal Diseases: Meta-Analysis of Randomized and Prospective Evidence.Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract · 2017Pooled it
- Outcome and cost-effectiveness of transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy compared with management as usual for youth with common mental health problems: Long-term results from the Mind-My-Mind randomized trial.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Trial
- The Locus-of-Hope Enhancement Program for Filipino Community Health Workers' Hope and Well-Being: A Parallel Randomized Alternative-Treatments Study.Journal of community psychology · 2026Trial
- Caregiver speaks: a randomized controlled trial of a storytelling intervention for hospice family caregivers of persons with dementia.The Gerontologist · 2026Trial
- Randomized investigation to evaluate phenylalanine fluctuation after overnight fasting in PKU patients treated with prolonged-release versus standard amino acid protein substitute.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2026Trial
- Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) in Parkinson's: Randomized Trial Findings.Canadian journal of occupational therapy. Revue canadienne d'ergotherapie · 2026Trial
- Effectiveness of video consultations in type 1 diabetes patients treated with insulin pumps in the outpatient clinic: a randomised controlled trial.Diabetologia · 2026Trial
- Effectiveness of tailored multichannel interventions on weight loss among adolescents: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in public health · 2026Trial
- Evaluating the role of the smartjournal digital intervention in improving oral hygiene among nursing home residents: a cluster randomised trial.BMC oral health · 2025Trial
- A multicentre, prospective, randomized, open-label pragmatic trial to compare the effectiveness and safety of interferon beta-1a and glatiramer-acetate in paediatric patients affected by Multiple Sclerosis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Trial
- A shared-management web-based intervention for sleep deficiency in school-age children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and their parents: feasibility and acceptability study.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Trial
- Effectiveness of an individualised treatment plan compared with a standard exercise programme in women with late-term shoulder impairments after primary breast cancer treatment: a randomised controlled trial.Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden) · 2025Trial
- A Mitochondrial Supplement Improves Function and Mitochondrial Activity in Autism: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Cross-Over Trial.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Trial
- Impact of Referring High-Risk Patients to Intensive Outpatient Primary Care Services: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Trial
- Digital solutions, real-world challenges: lessons from mHealth trials in oncology.Frontiers in digital health · 2025Trial
- Effect of heated mittens on physical hand function in people with hand osteoarthritis: randomised controlled trial.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2024Trial
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.
Indexed as
Identifiers
25058221What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.