ArticleBMC clinical pathology2014
Clinical chemistry profiles in injection heroin users from Coastal Region, Kenya.
Article in BMC clinical pathology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Circulating 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and calcium levels, and alkaline phosphatase activity among people living with and without human immunodeficiency virus and injecting drugs in kenya.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- The burden and types of anaemia among HIV infected, ART-naive injection substance users in Kenya.African health sciences · 2022Article
- Anemia Burden, Types and Associated Risk Factors among Kenyan Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 andEthiopian journal of health sciences · 2020Article
- The Opioid Epidemic in Africa And Its Impact.Current addiction reports · 2018Article
- Serum adiponectin in HIV-1 and hepatitis C virus mono- and co-infected Kenyan injection drug users.Endocrine connections · 2015Article
- Hepatitis B virus sero-profiles and genotypes in HIV-1 infected and uninfected injection and Non-injection drug users from coastal Kenya.BMC infectious diseases · 2015Article
- HIV-1 protease inhibitor drug resistance in Kenyan antiretroviral treatment-naive and -experienced injection drug users and non-drug users.AIDS research and therapy · 2015Article
- rs1445776009 variants in the humanInternational journal of health sciencesArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough the co-burden of injection drug use and HIV is increasing in Africa, little is known about the laboratory markers of injection drug use and anti-retroviral treatment (ART) in Kenyan injection drug users. This study, therefore, aimed at determining the clinical chemistry profiles and identifying the key laboratory markers of HIV infection during ART in injection heroin users (IHUs).
methodsClinical chemistry measurements were performed on serum samples collected from HIV-1 infected ART-experienced (n = 22), naive (n = 16) and HIV-1 negative (n = 23) IHUs, and healthy controls (n = 15) from Mombasa, coastal Kenya.
resultsHIV uninfected IHUs had lower alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (P = 0.023) as ART-exposed IHUs exhibited lower albumin (P = 0.014) and higher AST to platelet index (APRI) (P < 0.0001). All IHUs presented with lower aspartate aminotransferase to ALT values (P = 0.001) and higher C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (P = 0.002). ART-naive IHUs had higher globulin levels (P = 0.013) while ART-experienced and naive IHUs had higher albumin to total protein (P < 0.0001) and albumin to globulin (P < 0.0001) values. In addition, CD4+ T cells correlated with ALT (ρ = -0.522, P = 0.011) and CRP (rho, ρ = 0.529, P = 0.011) in HIV negative and ART-experienced IHUs, respectively. HIV-1 viral load correlated with albumin to globulin index in ART-experienced (ρ = -0.468, P = 0.037) and naive (ρ = -0.554, P = 0.040) IHUs; and with albumin to total protein index (ρ = -0.554, P = 0.040) and globulin (ρ = 0.570, P = 0.033) in ART-naive IHUs.
conclusionAbsolute ALT, albumin, globulin, and CRP measurements in combination with APRI, AST to ALT, albumin to total protein and albumin to globulin indices may be useful laboratory markers for screening IHUs for initiating and monitoring treatment.
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