ArticleBreast cancer research : BCR2014
The influence of tamoxifen on normal mouse mammary gland homeostasis.
Article in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Transient adenovirus-Cre infection causes long-lasting remodeling of the mammary gland immune landscape.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Transient adenovirus-Cre infection causes long-lasting remodeling of the mammary gland immune landscape.Research square · 2026Article
- Intraductal Injection of Adenoviruses to Perform Lineage Tracing in the Mammary Gland.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2025Review
- Noncanonical Wnt/Ror2 Signaling Regulates Basal Cell Fidelity and Branching Morphogenesis in the Mammary Gland.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- STAT3 protects hematopoietic stem cells by preventing activation of a deleterious autocrine type-I interferon response.Leukemia · 2024Article
- Single-cell and spatial analyses reveal a tradeoff between murine mammary proliferation and lineage programs associated with endocrine cues.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Imagine beyond: recent breakthroughs and next challenges in mammary gland biology and breast cancer research.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2023Review
- STAT3 protects HSCs from intrinsic interferon signaling and loss of long-term blood-forming activity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Estrogen-induced immune changes within the normal mammary gland.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Tamoxifen reduces silicone implant capsule formation in a mouse model.FASEB bioAdvances · 2022Article
- Breast tumor IGF1R regulates cell adhesion and metastasis: alignment of mouse single cell and human breast cancer transcriptomics.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- How Lineage Tracing Studies Can Unveil Tumor Heterogeneity in Breast Cancer.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Estrogen receptor-α signaling in post-natal mammary development and breast cancers.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2021Review
- Laminin alpha 5 regulates mammary gland remodeling through luminal cell differentiation and Wnt4-mediated epithelial crosstalk.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2021Article
- Article
- A novel Axin2 knock-in mouse model for visualization and lineage tracing of WNT/CTNNB1 responsive cells.Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) · 2020Article
- Dachshund Depletion Disrupts Mammary Gland Development and Diverts the Composition of the Mammary Gland Progenitor Pool.Stem cell reports · 2019Article
- A new view of the mammary epithelial hierarchy and its implications for breast cancer initiation and metastasis.Journal of cancer metastasis and treatment · 2019Article
- Epithelial plasticity in the mammary gland.Current opinion in cell biology · 2017Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionLineage tracing using inducible genetic labeling has emerged to be a powerful method for interrogating the developmental fate of cells in intact tissues. A common induction mechanism is the use of tamoxifen-dependent Cre recombinase (CreER and CreERT2), but the effects of tamoxifen at doses normally used in lineage-tracing studies on normal adult mammary gland homeostasis are not known.
methodsWe used flow cytometry and immunostaining of intact glands to determine whether varying doses of tamoxifen skew the distribution and the apoptosis and proliferation status of different types of mammary epithelial cells in vivo. We also examined how tamoxifen influences the number of progenitor and mammary repopulating units (MRUs).
resultsOur results indicate that ≥5 mg/25 g body weight of tamoxifen induces a transient increase in cell proliferation and in the number of basal cells in the adult mammary epithelium up to 7 days after tamoxifen administration. However, in the medium term (3 weeks), all doses of tamoxifen≥1 mg/25 g body weight result in a decrease in the number of basal and EpCAM+CD49b- luminal cells and a decrease in progenitor cell function. Tamoxifen at doses≥5 mg/25 g body weight induced a transient increase in caspase-3-mediated apoptotic cell death within the mammary epithelium. However, mammary epithelial cell numbers in all subpopulations were restored to their original levels by 8 weeks. No long-lasting effects of tamoxifen on MRU numbers or on pubertal ductal development were observed.
conclusionTamoxifen can skew the distribution of mammary cell types in a dose-dependent manner, and thus caution must be taken when interpreting lineage-tracing studies using high doses of tamoxifen, particularly when short-duration analyses of a quantitative nature are being performed.
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