ArticleIEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society2015
Effect of anatomical variability on electric field characteristics of electroconvulsive therapy and magnetic seizure therapy: a parametric modeling study.
Article in IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation for Major Depressive Disorder and the Role of Intensity: A Systematic Review and Exploratory Meta-Analysis.Alpha psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy and cognitive safety of magnetic seizure therapy and electroconvulsive therapy in major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Electroconvulsive therapy, electric field, neuroplasticity, and clinical outcomes.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Trial
- Neurocognitive Effects of Combined Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) and Venlafaxine in Geriatric Depression: Phase 1 of the PRIDE Study.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2020Trial
- Comparative efficacy and cognitive function of magnetic seizure therapy and electroconvulsive therapy for major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- The relationship between electric field strength induced by electroconvulsive therapy and cognitive and antidepressant outcomes.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Amplitude-determined seizure-threshold, electric field modeling, and electroconvulsive therapy antidepressant and cognitive outcomes.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Electroconvulsive therapy-induced volumetric brain changes converge on a common causal circuit in depression.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- How electroconvulsive therapy works in the treatment of depression: is it the seizure, the electricity, or both?Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Review
- Electroconvulsive therapy-induced volumetric brain changes converge on a common causal circuit in depression.Research square · 2023Article
- Cerebro-cerebellar functional neuroplasticity mediates the effect of electric field on electroconvulsive therapy outcomes.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
- Predictive signature of static and dynamic functional connectivity for ECT clinical outcomes.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Links between electroconvulsive therapy responsive and cognitive impairment multimodal brain networks in late-life major depressive disorder.BMC medicine · 2022Article
- Ictal Theta Power as an Electroconvulsive Therapy Safety Biomarker: A Pilot Study.The journal of ECT · 2022Article
- Noninvasive neuromodulation of the prefrontal cortex in mental health disorders.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Review
- Magnetic Seizure Therapy Compared to Electroconvulsive Therapy for Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Electric field strength induced by electroconvulsive therapy is associated with clinical outcome.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2021Article
- Double-Blinded Randomized Pilot Clinical Trial Comparing Cognitive Side Effects of Standard Ultra-Brief Right Unilateral ECT to 0.5 A Low Amplitude Seizure Therapy (LAP-ST).Brain sciences · 2020Article
- Enhanced tES and tDCS computational models by meninges emulation.Journal of neural engineering · 2020Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and magnetic seizure therapy (MST) are conventionally applied with a fixed stimulus current amplitude, which may result in differences in the neural stimulation strength and focality across patients due to interindividual anatomical variability. The objective of this study is to quantify the effect of head anatomical variability associated with age, sex, and individual differences on the induced electric field characteristics in ECT and MST. Six stimulation modalities were modeled including bilateral and right unilateral ECT, focal electrically administered seizure therapy (FEAST), and MST with circular, cap, and double-cone coils. The electric field was computed using the finite element method in a parameterized spherical head model representing the variability in the general population. Head tissue layer thicknesses and conductivities were varied to examine the impact of interindividual anatomical differences on the stimulation strength, depth, and focality. Skull conductivity most strongly affects the ECT electric field, whereas the MST electric field is independent of tissue conductivity variation in this model but is markedly affected by differences in head diameter. Focal ECT electrode configurations such as FEAST is more sensitive to anatomical variability than that of less focal paradigms such as BL ECT. In MST, anatomical variability has stronger influence on the electric field of the cap and circular coils compared to the double-cone coil, possibly due to the more superficial field of the former. The variability of the ECT and MST electric fields due to anatomical differences should be considered in the interpretation of existing studies and in efforts to improve dosing approaches for better control of stimulation strength and focality across patients, such as individualization of the current amplitude. The conventional approach to individualizing dosage by titrating the number of pulses cannot compensate for differences in the spatial extent of stimulation that result from anatomical variability.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.