Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25051312›Full record

ArticleEpidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)2014

In utero exposure to toxic air pollutants and risk of childhood autism.

Ondine S von Ehrenstein, Hilary Aralis, Myles Cockburn, Beate Ritz

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
56citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

56 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  18. 1,3-Butadiene: a ubiquitous environmental mutagen and its associations with diseases.Genes and environment : the official journal of the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ondine S von EhrensteinFrom the aDepartment of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; bDepartment of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; cDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and dDepartment of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
Hilary Aralis
Myles Cockburn
Beate Ritz

Funding

Statistics and Methods CoreR24HD041022 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI SELTZER, JUDITH A. · 2001 to 2016
$10.1M
Pesticide Exposure and Childhood AutismR21ES022389 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI VON EHRENSTEIN, ONDINE · 2014 to 2015
$407k
NICHD NIH HHS R24 HD041022NICHD NIH HHS R24HD041022NIEHS NIH HHS R21 ES022389NIEHS NIH HHS R21ES022389
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGenetic and environmental factors are believed to contribute to the development of autism, but relatively few studies have considered potential environmental risks. Here, we examine risks for autism in children related to in utero exposure to monitored ambient air toxics from urban emissions.

methodsAmong the cohort of children born in Los Angeles County, California, 1995-2006, those whose mothers resided during pregnancy in a 5-km buffer around air toxics monitoring stations were included (n = 148,722). To identify autism cases in this cohort, birth records were linked to records of children diagnosed with primary autistic disorder at the California Department of Developmental Services between 1998 and 2009 (n = 768). We calculated monthly average exposures during pregnancy for 24 air toxics selected based on suspected or known neurotoxicity or neurodevelopmental toxicity. Factor analysis helped us identify the correlational structure among air toxics, and we estimated odds ratios (ORs) for autism from logistic regression analyses.

resultsAutism risks were increased per interquartile range increase in average concentrations during pregnancy of several correlated toxics mostly loading on 1 factor, including 1,3-butadiene (OR = 1.59 [95% confidence interval = 1.18-2.15]), meta/para-xylene (1.51 [1.26-1.82]), other aromatic solvents, lead (1.49 [1.23-1.81]), perchloroethylene (1.40 [1.09-1.80]), and formaldehyde (1.34 [1.17-1.52]), adjusting for maternal age, race/ethnicity, nativity, education, insurance type, parity, child sex, and birth year.

conclusionsRisks for autism in children may increase following in utero exposure to ambient air toxics from urban traffic and industry emissions, as measured by community-based air-monitoring stations.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAir PollutantsAutistic DisorderBirth CertificatesChildEnvironmental ExposureEnvironmental MonitoringFemaleHumansLos AngelesMaleMaternal AgePregnancyRiskVehicle EmissionsAir PollutantsVehicle Emissions

Identifiers

PMID25051312
PMCPMC4698150

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.