Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25048716›Full record

ReviewHepatology (Baltimore, Md.)2015

Immunological aspects of antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections.

Barbara Rehermann, Antonio Bertoletti

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
75citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
10.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

75 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 167 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Restoration of HBV-specific CD8Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2021
    Trial
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. NASH and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Immunology and Immunotherapy.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2023
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Discovery of Novel Host Molecular Factors Underlying HBV/HCV Infection.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021
    Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Barbara RehermannImmunology Section, Liver Diseases Branch, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Antonio Bertoletti
Duke-NUS Medical School · SGUnited States Department of Health and Human Services · US

Funding

Regulation of hepatic and systemic immune responsesZIADK054508 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI REHERMANN, BARBARA · 2009 to 2025
$22.1M
Immunology of Acute and Chronic Viral Hepatitis in HumansZIADK054509 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI REHERMANN, BARBARA · 2009 to 2025
$15.1M
Role of the innate immune defenses in viral infectionsZIADK054516 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI REHERMANN, BARBARA · 2009 to 2023
$11.3M
Intramural NIH HHS
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) cause a large proportion of acute and chronic liver disease worldwide. Over the past decades many immunological studies defined host immune responses that mediate spontaneous clearance of acute HBV and HCV infection. However, host immune responses are also relevant in the context of treatment-induced clearance of chronic HBV and HCV infection. First, the pretreatment level of interferon-stimulated genes as well as genetic determinants of innate immune responses, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms near the IFNL3 gene, are strong predictors of the response to interferon-alpha (IFN-α)-based therapy. Second, IFN-α, which has been a mainstay of HBV and HCV therapy over decades, and ribavirin, which has also been included in interferon-free direct antiviral therapy for HCV, modulate host immune responses. Third, both IFN-α-based and IFN-α-free treatment regimens of HBV and HCV infection alter the short-term and long-term adaptive immune response against these viruses. Finally, treatment studies have not just improved the clinical outcomes, but also provided opportunities to study virus-host interaction. This review summarizes our current knowledge on how a patient's immune response affects the treatment outcome of HBV and HCV infection and how innate and adaptive immune responses themselves are altered by the different treatment regimens.

Indexed as

Antiviral AgentsHepatitis B, ChronicHepatitis C, ChronicHumansTreatment OutcomeAntiviral Agents

Identifiers

PMID25048716
PMCPMC4575407
OpenAlexW2152543398

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.