ArticleBMC infectious diseases2014
Human papillomavirus infection in Bhutan at the moment of implementation of a national HPV vaccination programme.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Worldwide burden of cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) in women over 50 years with abnormal cytology: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2025Pooled it
- HPV burden in Armenia among unvaccinated women: a series of cross-sectional population-based prevalence surveys.Vaccine · 2025Article
- Human papillomavirus testing on self-collected samples to detect high-grade cervical lesions in rural Bhutan: The REACH-Bhutan study.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Clinical performance of methylation as a biomarker for cervical carcinoma in situ and cancer diagnosis: A worldwide study.International journal of cancer · 2022Article
- Survival Analysis of Cervical Cancer Patients: A Case Study of Bhutan.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2021Article
- Surveillance systems for monitoring cervical cancer elimination efforts: Focus on HPV infection, cervical dysplasia, cervical screening and treatment.Preventive medicine · 2021Article
- Article
- Evaluation of cytology versus human papillomavirus-based cervical cancer screening algorithms in Bhutan.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Cervical cancer screening in rural Bhutan with theBMJ open · 2017Article
- Evaluation of the performance of Human Papillomavirus testing in paired urine and clinician-collected cervical samples among women aged over 30 years in Bhutan.Virology journal · 2017Article
- High-risk human papillomavirus infection and abnormal cervical cytology among Nepali and Bhutanese refugee women living in eastern Nepal.BMC infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Social mobilisation, consent and acceptability: a review of human papillomavirus vaccination procedures in low and middle-income countries.BMC public health · 2016Article
- Current global status & impact of human papillomavirus vaccination: Implications for India.The Indian journal of medical research · 2016Review
- Comparison of Two Widely Used Human Papillomavirus Detection and Genotyping Methods, GP5+/6+-Based PCR Followed by Reverse Line Blot Hybridization and Multiplex Type-Specific E7-Based PCR.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2016Article
- Distribution of Carcinogenic Human Papillomavirus Genotypes and Association to Cervical Lesions among Women in Fez (Morocco).PloS one · 2016Article
- Human Papillomavirus 18 Genetic Variation and Cervical Cancer Risk Worldwide.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- Cervical cancer screening program in Thimphu, Bhutan: population coverage and characteristics associated with screening attendance.BMC women's health · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCervical cancer is the most common female cancer in Bhutan, the first low/middle-income country to implement a national human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programme.
methodsTo provide a robust baseline for future evaluations of vaccine effectiveness, cervical cell specimens were obtained from 2,505 women aged 18-69 years from the general population, and biopsies from 211 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3) and 112 invasive cervical cancer (ICC) cases. Samples were tested for HPV using GP5+/6+ PCR.
resultsAmong the general population, HPV prevalence was 26%, being highest (33%) in women ≤24 years, but remaining above 15% in all age-groups. Determinants of HPV included age, marital status, and number of sexual partners. Among the eight percent with cytological abnormalities, 24 CIN3 and 4 ICC were histologically confirmed. Even after additional testing with a sensitive E7 PCR, no infections with vaccine-targeted HPV types were detected in the few vaccinated women (n = 34) compared to 6% prevalence in unvaccinated women of similar age (p = 0 · 215).
conclusionBased upon type-specific prevalence among biopsies, at least 70% of ICC in Bhutan are theoretically preventable by HPV16/18 vaccination, but screening programmes should be expanded among older women, who have an important underlying burden of CIN3 and ICC.
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