SynthesisPloS one2014
World Trade Center disaster exposure-related probable posttraumatic stress disorder among responders and civilians: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prevalence and related factors of child posttraumatic stress disorder during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2022Pooled it
- Prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder after infectious disease pandemics in the twenty-first century, including COVID-19: a meta-analysis and systematic review.Molecular psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- 9/11-related PTSD among highly exposed populations: a systematic review 15 years after the attack.Psychological medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Adverse childhood experiences, exposure to the World Trade Center attacks, and chronic symptoms of depression, PTSD, and unhealthy drinking.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- MRI signature of brain age underlying post-traumatic stress disorder in World Trade Center responders.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- World Trade Center (WTC) Exposures and Cardiometabolic Risk Among WTC Health Program General Responders.American journal of public health · 2025Article
- The World Trade Center exposome and health effects in 9/11 rescue and recovery workers.Communications medicine · 2024Article
- Factors associated with mental health outcomes in a Muslim community following the Christchurch terrorist attack.BJPsych open · 2024Article
- A pilot study to identify factors associated with frailty within the World Trade Center general responder cohort.American journal of industrial medicine · 2024Article
- Graph theory-based analysis reveals neural anatomical network alterations in chronic post-traumatic stress disorder.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- The World Trade Center Exposome and Health Effects in 9/11 Rescue and Recovery Workers.Research square · 2023Article
- Mortality after the 9/11 terrorist attacks among world trade center health registry enrollees with cancer.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Psychological characteristics of the relationship between mental health and hardiness of Ukrainians during the war.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Terrorism's Impact on Mental Health Outcomes among Directly and Indirectly Exposed Victims and the Development of Psychopathology.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Cognitive Function among World Trade Center-Exposed Community Members with Mental Health Symptoms.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Cognitive impairment and World Trade Centre-related exposures.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2022Review
- Health effects following exposure to dust from the World Trade Center disaster: An update.Life sciences · 2022Review
- Review
- Chronic Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Comorbid Cognitive and Physical Impairments in World Trade Center Responders.Journal of traumatic stress · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The World Trade Center (WTC) disaster on September 11, 2001 was an unprecedented traumatic event with long-lasting health consequences among the affected populations in the New York metropolitan area. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the risk of probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) associated with specific types of WTC exposures. Meta-analytical findings from 10 studies of 3,271 to 20,294 participants yielded 37 relevant associations. The pooled summary odds ratio (OR) was 2.05 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.82, 2.32), with substantial heterogeneity linked to exposure classification, cohort type, data source, PTSD assessment instrument/criteria, and lapse time since 9/11. In general, responders (e.g. police, firefighters, rescue/recovery workers and volunteers) had a lower probable PTSD risk (OR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.39, 1.87) compared to civilians (e.g. residents, office workers, and passersby; OR = 2.71, 95% CI: 2.35, 3.12). The differences in ORs between responders and civilians were larger for physical compared to psychosocial exposure types. We also found that injury, lost someone, and witnessed horror were the three (out of six) most pernicious exposures. These findings suggest that these three exposures should be a particular focus in psychological evaluation and treatment programs in WTC intervention and future emergency preparedness efforts.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.