Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25041875›Full record

ReviewRehabilitation nursing : the official journal of the Association of Rehabilitation Nurses

Evidence of health risks associated with prolonged standing at work and intervention effectiveness.

Thomas R Waters, Robert B Dick

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Rehabilitation nursing : the official journal of the Association of Rehabilitation Nurses. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 92 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
92citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
11.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04746755 naterminatednot on this map

An Open-label, Single-centre, Parallel-group Clinical Investigation, to Evaluate the Effectiveness and In-use Tolerability of a Range of Four Orthotic Insoles on Target Areas of Pain in the Lower Body, Associated With Musculoskeletal Stress, Experienced by Those Who Spend Most of Their Working Day on Their Feet

TypeinterventionalSponsorReckitt Benckiser Healthcare (UK) LimitedRan2019 to 2020Enrolled145ConditionsMusculoskeletal PainArmsOrthotic Insole: Lower Back, Orthotic Insole: Heel, Orthotic Insole: Knee to Heel, Orthotic Insole: Arch
NCT05199415 naunknown statusnot on this map

Fulfillment Center Intervention Study as Part of The Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Center for Work, Health and Wellbeing

TypeinterventionalSponsorMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyRan2021 to 2024Enrolled3,459ConditionsPsychological Distress, Psychological Well-being, Subjective Health, InjuriesArmsHealth and Well-being Committee
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

92 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 326 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Pre-existing low-back symptoms impact adversely on sitting time reduction in office workers.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2017
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  10. The physical activity health paradox: what is it, why might it happen, and where to go from here?The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2026
    Review
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32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Thomas R WatersNational Institute For Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Robert B DickNational Institute For Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health · US

Funding

Intramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeProlonged standing at work has been shown to be associated with a number of potentially serious health outcomes, such as lower back and leg pain, cardiovascular problems, fatigue, discomfort, and pregnancy-related health outcomes. Recent studies have been conducted examining the relationship between these health outcomes and the amount of time spent standing while on the job. The purpose of this article was to provide a review of the health risks and interventions for workers and employers that are involved in occupations requiring prolonged standing. A brief review of recommendations by governmental and professional organizations for hours of prolonged standing is also included.

findingsBased on our review of the literature, there seems to be ample evidence showing that prolonged standing at work leads to adverse health outcomes. Review of the literature also supports the conclusion that certain interventions are effective in reducing the hazards associated with prolonged standing. Suggested interventions include the use of floor mats, sit-stand workstations/chairs, shoes, shoe inserts and hosiery or stockings. Studies could be improved by using more precise definitions of prolonged standing (e.g., duration, movement restrictions, and type of work), better measurement of the health outcomes, and more rigorous study protocols. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Use of interventions and following suggested guidelines on hours of standing from governmental and professional organizations should reduce the health risks from prolonged standing.

Indexed as

Floors and FloorcoveringsPostureShoesAdultCardiovascular DiseasesEducation, Nursing, ContinuingEnvironmental MonitoringFatigueFemaleGuidelines as TopicHealth SurveysHumansLegMaleMiddle AgedOccupational Diseasesbiomechanical/physiological measurescardiovascular problemsguidelinesinterventions (floor mats, shoe inserts, sit-stand chairs/workstations)leg painlow back painProlonged standingsubjective measures

Identifiers

PMID25041875
PMCPMC4591921
OpenAlexW1985486376

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.